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6. Biopsychology
6.3 Neurons and Synaptic Transmission
6.3.2 Structure of a Neuron
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What is a neuron?
Nerve cell
The major parts of a neuron include the cell body, dendrites, and
axon
The cell body of a neuron contains the
nucleus
and is responsible for the neuron's general functions.
What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?
Receive signals
The axon of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or target
cells
Neurons transmit both electrical and chemical signals throughout the
nervous system
.
What is the role of the nucleus in the cell body of a neuron?
General functioning
The axon is a long, slender fiber that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell
body
What structures are located at the end of the axon to transmit signals to other neurons?
Synaptic terminals
The cell body of a neuron is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons.
False
What do dendrites transmit to the cell body of a neuron?
Signals
The axon of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell
body
Where are synaptic terminals located in a neuron?
End of axon
The axon transmits signals to other neurons through
synaptic terminals
.
The cell body of a neuron contains the
nucleus
What is the function of the axon in a neuron?
Conduct nerve impulses
Match the neuron component with its function:
Dendrites ↔️ Receive signals
Axon ↔️ Conduct impulses
What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?
Receive signals
The axon of a neuron conducts nerve
impulses
A neuron is the fundamental unit of the
nervous system
.
Match the neuron component with its function:
Cell Body (Soma) ↔️ Supports neuron functions
Dendrites ↔️ Receives signals
Axon ↔️ Conducts impulses
Synaptic Terminals ↔️ Transmits signals
Where are synaptic terminals located in a neuron?
End of axon
The axon is a long fiber that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell
body
Synaptic terminals transmit signals to other
neurons
or target cells.
What is the main function of the cell body in a neuron?
Integrate signals
The axon ensures signals are transmitted efficiently over long
distances
Synaptic terminals use
neurotransmitters
to transmit signals.
What is the myelin sheath composed of?
Lipids and proteins
The myelin sheath increases nerve impulse transmission through saltatory
conduction
Which cells form the myelin sheath in the PNS?
Schwann cells
Nodes of Ranvier are essential for
saltatory
conduction.
Nodes of Ranvier expose the axon membrane, allowing
depolarization
How many main parts does a neuron have?
Four
Match the neuron component with its function:
Cell Body (Soma) ↔️ Basic cell processes
Dendrites ↔️ Receive signals
Axon ↔️ Conduct impulses
Synaptic Terminals ↔️ Transmit signals
A neuron transmits both electrical and
chemical
signals.
What is a neuron?
A nerve cell
The cell body, also known as the
soma
, contains the nucleus and manages neuron functions.
The cell body manages the
neuron's
metabolism.
What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?
Receive signals
The axon conducts nerve impulses away from the cell
body
.
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