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AQA A-Level Psychology
5. Approaches in Psychology
5.1 Origins of Psychology
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What is the scientific study of the mind and behavior called?
Psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of the
mind
and behavior.
Which philosopher emphasized the concept of dualism, where the mind and body are separate entities?
Plato
Plato's
dualism
influenced introspectionist approaches in psychology.
Which philosopher believed that knowledge comes from experience, a concept known as empiricism?
Aristotle
John Locke's idea of tabula rasa influenced the development of
behaviorism
in psychology.
Who is often referred to as the "father of psychology"?
Wilhelm Wundt
William James emphasized the purpose and function of
mental processes
in adapting to the environment.
In what year did Wilhelm Wundt establish the first psychology laboratory?
1879
Sigmund Freud developed the approach known as
psychoanalysis
.
William James's functionalism emphasized the study of
consciousness
and its functions.
What are two key philosophical roots of psychology?
Empiricism and rationalism
Plato's concept of dualism emphasized introspection and subjective
experience
.
Order the key philosophers and their contributions chronologically based on their influence on psychology:
1️⃣ Plato - Dualism
2️⃣ Aristotle - Empiricism
3️⃣ René Descartes - Mind-body interaction
4️⃣ John Locke - Tabula rasa
Who established the first psychology laboratory?
Wilhelm Wundt
Wilhelm Wundt is often referred to as the "father of
psychology
."
William James focused on functionalism and
pragmatism
What concept did Sigmund Freud introduce to psychology?
The unconscious mind
Match the philosophical foundation with its description:
Empiricism ↔️ Knowledge through sensory experience
Dualism ↔️ Mind and body are separate entities
What is the method used in structuralism to analyze mental processes?
Introspection
In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory at the
University of Leipzig
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of the
mind
and behavior.
Match the philosopher with their key idea:
Plato ↔️ Dualism
Aristotle ↔️ Empiricism
John Locke ↔️ Tabula rasa
René Descartes ↔️ Mind-body interaction
Arrange the following concepts in chronological order of their influence on psychology:
1️⃣ Empiricism
2️⃣ Dualism
3️⃣ Structuralism
4️⃣ Functionalism
In what year did Wilhelm Wundt establish the first psychology laboratory?
1879
The first psychology laboratory was established at the University of
Leipzig
Wilhelm Wundt's first psychology laboratory marked the beginning of psychology as a separate
science
.
What method did Wilhelm Wundt use to study mental processes in his laboratory?
Introspection
Wundt's laboratory focused on studying
mental
processes.
Functionalism emphasizes the purpose and function of mental processes in adapting to the
environment
.
Functionalism was promoted by
William
James.
What is the primary focus of structuralism?
Breaking down mental processes
Structuralism primarily relies on
introspection
as its method.
Wilhelm Wundt is the key figure in
structuralism
.
What is the goal of functionalism?
Adaptation to the environment
Both structuralism and functionalism built upon philosophical foundations such as empiricism and
dualism
.
Psychology is the scientific study of mental processes in adapting to the
environment
What was the primary focus of structuralism in psychology?
Breaking down mental processes
Functionalism used introspection as its primary method.
False
The key figure associated with structuralism is
Wilhelm Wundt
See all 54 cards
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