5.1 Origins of Psychology

• What is the scientific study of the mind and behavior called?

  Psychology
• Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior.
• Which philosopher emphasized the concept of dualism, where the mind and body are separate entities?

  Plato
• Plato's dualism influenced introspectionist approaches in psychology.
• Which philosopher believed that knowledge comes from experience, a concept known as empiricism?

  Aristotle
• John Locke's idea of tabula rasa influenced the development of behaviorism in psychology.
• Who is often referred to as the "father of psychology"?

  Wilhelm Wundt
• William James emphasized the purpose and function of mental processes in adapting to the environment.
• In what year did Wilhelm Wundt establish the first psychology laboratory?

  1879
• Sigmund Freud developed the approach known as psychoanalysis.
• William James's functionalism emphasized the study of consciousness and its functions.
• What are two key philosophical roots of psychology?

  Empiricism and rationalism
• Plato's concept of dualism emphasized introspection and subjective experience.
• Order the key philosophers and their contributions chronologically based on their influence on psychology:

  1️⃣ Plato - Dualism

  2️⃣ Aristotle - Empiricism

  3️⃣ René Descartes - Mind-body interaction

  4️⃣ John Locke - Tabula rasa
• Who established the first psychology laboratory?

  Wilhelm Wundt
• Wilhelm Wundt is often referred to as the "father of psychology."
• William James focused on functionalism and pragmatism
• What concept did Sigmund Freud introduce to psychology?

  The unconscious mind
• Match the philosophical foundation with its description:

  Empiricism ↔️ Knowledge through sensory experience

  Dualism ↔️ Mind and body are separate entities
• What is the method used in structuralism to analyze mental processes?

  Introspection
• In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig
• Psychology is defined as the scientific study of the mind and behavior.
• Match the philosopher with their key idea:

  Plato ↔️ Dualism

  Aristotle ↔️ Empiricism

  John Locke ↔️ Tabula rasa

  René Descartes ↔️ Mind-body interaction
• Arrange the following concepts in chronological order of their influence on psychology:

  1️⃣ Empiricism

  2️⃣ Dualism

  3️⃣ Structuralism

  4️⃣ Functionalism
• In what year did Wilhelm Wundt establish the first psychology laboratory?

  1879
• The first psychology laboratory was established at the University of Leipzig
• Wilhelm Wundt's first psychology laboratory marked the beginning of psychology as a separate science.
• What method did Wilhelm Wundt use to study mental processes in his laboratory?

  Introspection
• Wundt's laboratory focused on studying mental processes.
• Functionalism emphasizes the purpose and function of mental processes in adapting to the environment.
• Functionalism was promoted by William James.
• What is the primary focus of structuralism?

  Breaking down mental processes
• Structuralism primarily relies on introspection as its method.
• Wilhelm Wundt is the key figure in structuralism.
• What is the goal of functionalism?

  Adaptation to the environment
• Both structuralism and functionalism built upon philosophical foundations such as empiricism and dualism.
• Psychology is the scientific study of mental processes in adapting to the environment
• What was the primary focus of structuralism in psychology?

  Breaking down mental processes
• Functionalism used introspection as its primary method.

  False
• The key figure associated with structuralism is Wilhelm Wundt