4.6.1 Genetic Explanations

Cards (25)

  • What are the two main characteristics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
    Obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviours
  • Compulsive behaviours are performed to reduce anxiety caused by obsessions
  • Obsessive thoughts are voluntary ideas or impulses that individuals choose to have.
    False
  • What is the purpose of compulsive behaviours in OCD?
    Reduce anxiety
  • The COMT gene is involved in the regulation of dopamine
  • The SERT gene regulates serotonin reuptake, which affects mood and anxiety.
  • Match the gene with its role in OCD:
    COMT ↔️ Dopamine regulation
    SERT ↔️ Serotonin reuptake
  • Twin studies compare concordance rates in identical and fraternal twins.
  • What percentage of genes do identical twins share?
    100%
  • Higher concordance rates in identical twins suggest that genetic factors play a role in OCD.
  • Match the twin type with their genetic sharing:
    Identical (Monozygotic) ↔️ 100%
    Fraternal (Dizygotic) ↔️ 50%
  • What do twin and family studies suggest about the genetic basis of OCD?
    Genetic factors play a role
  • The biological approach to OCD suggests that genetic factors play a significant role.genetic
  • Twin and family studies indicate a higher concordance rate among identical twins for OCD.
  • The COMT gene is involved in dopamine regulation, which affects cognitive processes.cognitive
  • The SERT gene regulates serotonin reuptake, impacting mood and anxiety.
  • What are the two main components of the definition of OCD?
    Obsessive thoughts and compulsions
  • Key genes linked to OCD include COMT and SERT
  • The COMT gene's role in OCD is dopamine regulation, affecting cognitive processes.
  • Higher concordance rates in identical twins for OCD suggest a significant genetic influence.
  • What percentage of genes do fraternal twins share?
    50%
  • SLC1A1 genes are involved in neurotransmitter transport, specifically glutamate reuptake
  • NRXN1 genes are essential for synaptic development and impulse control.
  • What do twin studies show about OCD heritability?
    Higher concordance rates
  • Environmental factors can influence gene expression