4.6.1 Genetic Explanations

    Cards (25)

    • What are the two main characteristics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
      Obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviours
    • Compulsive behaviours are performed to reduce anxiety caused by obsessions
    • Obsessive thoughts are voluntary ideas or impulses that individuals choose to have.
      False
    • What is the purpose of compulsive behaviours in OCD?
      Reduce anxiety
    • The COMT gene is involved in the regulation of dopamine
    • The SERT gene regulates serotonin reuptake, which affects mood and anxiety.
    • Match the gene with its role in OCD:
      COMT ↔️ Dopamine regulation
      SERT ↔️ Serotonin reuptake
    • Twin studies compare concordance rates in identical and fraternal twins.
    • What percentage of genes do identical twins share?
      100%
    • Higher concordance rates in identical twins suggest that genetic factors play a role in OCD.
    • Match the twin type with their genetic sharing:
      Identical (Monozygotic) ↔️ 100%
      Fraternal (Dizygotic) ↔️ 50%
    • What do twin and family studies suggest about the genetic basis of OCD?
      Genetic factors play a role
    • The biological approach to OCD suggests that genetic factors play a significant role.genetic
    • Twin and family studies indicate a higher concordance rate among identical twins for OCD.
    • The COMT gene is involved in dopamine regulation, which affects cognitive processes.cognitive
    • The SERT gene regulates serotonin reuptake, impacting mood and anxiety.
    • What are the two main components of the definition of OCD?
      Obsessive thoughts and compulsions
    • Key genes linked to OCD include COMT and SERT
    • The COMT gene's role in OCD is dopamine regulation, affecting cognitive processes.
    • Higher concordance rates in identical twins for OCD suggest a significant genetic influence.
    • What percentage of genes do fraternal twins share?
      50%
    • SLC1A1 genes are involved in neurotransmitter transport, specifically glutamate reuptake
    • NRXN1 genes are essential for synaptic development and impulse control.
    • What do twin studies show about OCD heritability?
      Higher concordance rates
    • Environmental factors can influence gene expression
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