Enzymes

• • An enzyme is made out of protein
  • Protein is made out of amino acids
  • It catalyses/ speeds up reactions in cells
  • Enzymes can help break down molecules
  • Enzymes can help build up molecules
  • Enzymes rely on Causions of molecules with a specific region of the enzyme called the active site to work
• How to make an enzyme

  • The instructions to make enzymes are written in the DNA
  • Genes are sections of DNA made of many bases, Every 3 DNA bases codes for an amino acid
  • Amino acids are linked in chains and interact to fold into enzymes with specific active sites
  • So different genes code different order of amino acids which fold differently to form active sites specific to each substrate
• High Temperatures or extremes of pH change the shape of the active site of the enzyme. The substrate can no longer fit into the active site and so no reaction occurs
• What is an enzyme?

  they are molecules that speed up a chemical reaction without being changed by the reaction
• Two environmental factors that effect enzyme action are the temperature and the pH
• The enzyme carbohydrase digests carbohydrates
• The enzyme protease digests proteins
• The enzyme lipid digests fat