heart

• Human blood is red and the shade of red can vary based on the amount of oxygen in the blood
• Veins and arteries are often depicted as blue or red in diagrams to show oxygen concentrations, but this is just for illustration purposes
• Human blood maintains pH, temperature, and osmotic pressure for homeostasis
• Blood transports hormones, nutrients, and gases
• Components of blood include plasma (water, proteins, salts, lipids) and cellular components (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets)
• Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein that gives blood its red color
• Arteries carry blood away from the heart and are typically oxygen-rich
• Veins carry blood to the heart and are typically oxygen-poor
• Capillaries deliver oxygen to organs and tissues and pick up carbon dioxide to transport back to the lungs
• The heart is divided into two partitions: deoxygenated (right side) and oxygenated (left side)
• The heart has 4 chambers: right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
• Valves in the heart are one-way structures that separate chambers and prevent backflow of blood
• Blood pathway: Deoxygenated blood from toe enters inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery to lungs, back through pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta to body, returns through vena cava to right atrium
• Coronary arteries supply oxygen and glucose to the heart, branching off the aorta
• Atrial septal defect is a heart condition where oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood mix due to an opening in the septum, potentially leading to abnormal heartbeat, stroke, or heart failure
• the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body via arteries
• the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava
• the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via pulmonary trunk
• The heart has 4 chambers:


  right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
• the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via pulmonary arteries
• the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body via aorta
• the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body via superior and inferior venae cavae
• the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via pulmonary veins
• The heart has four chambers - two atria (right and left) and two ventricles (right and left)
• Tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle.
• the tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle
• the tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle