Medmath chapt 13

• A unit is the amount of a drug needed to produce a given result
• Epogen is a drug that increases the production of red blood cells
• Fragmin is an anticoagulant that prevents the clotting of blood
• heparin is a anticoagulent that inhibits clotting of the blood
• Heparin is used as a prophylactic against thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, and other conditions associated with abnormal coagulation.
• Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that lowers blood glucose levels
• Epogen is a drug that helps to combat the effects of anemia caused by chemotherapy or chronic renal failure
• After giving epogen, what should the nurse monitor ?

  blood pressure and lab results on a routine basis
• Fragment is used in the prevention of deep vein, thrombosis after a abdominal surgery, hip replacements, unstable angina, non-wave myocardial infarction and acute illness
• fragmin may only be given by subcutaneous injections, never intramuscular or intravenously
• During treatment with fragmin, you must monitor patients blood studies on a regular basis
• Heparin prolongs the time blood takes to clot
• A larger dose of heparin may cause hemorrhages, and insufficient dose, may not have the desired result
• After giving heparin, the nurse must observe the patient for signs of hemorrhages
• Insulin is used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus
• A too high of a dose of insulin may cause insulin shock
• An insufficient amount of insulin may result in a diabetic coma
• Always have another nurse verify your insulin and heparin dosages to check for accuracy of the drug that’s going to be administered
• Insulin syringes are calibrated in units of 30, 50 and 100
• A U-100 insulin means that 100 units of insulin are contained in 1 mL of liquid
• another type of U-100 type of syringe is the U-100 Lo-dose syringe, which measures 50 units however, for accuracy no more than 40 units should be measured in this syringe
• The most accurate syringe for insulin is the U-100 syringe
• The 30 unit U-100 syringe is used for insulin that doses equal less than 30 units
• Only regular insulin can be given intravenously
• Heparin and other medication measured in units can be measured and given only syringes marked in milliliters
• Only insulin is measured and given an insulin syringes
• Lantus insulin should never be mixed. Be sure to always check whether an insulin can be mixed with another insulin
• Aspart insulin is Noval log
• Glargine is insulin Lantus
• 500 units/milliliters are used for patients who require LARGE amounts of insulin due to insulin resistance
• Do not use a U-100 insulin syringe with the U -500 insulin syringe
• Sometimes the amount of insulin to administer is based on the patient’s blood sugar reading, also known as the sliding scale coverage
• 70-130 mg/dL is considered normal for glucose
• 131-180: requires 2 units and low-dose scale, 4 units in moderate dose, and in high dose scale 9 units
• 241-300: 6 units in low-dose scale, 10 units and moderate dose scale and high dose scale 12 units
• 301-350: 8 units in low-dose scale, 12 units Moderate dose scale, and 20 units in high dose
• 351-400: 10 units in low-dose scale , 16 units in moderate dose scale, 24 units and high dose scale
• >400: 12 units in low and call MD, moderate dose scale 20 units and call MD ,high dose scale 28 units call MD