Sas 7

• Lesson: Mediums and Techniques in Art
• Definition of Medium in Art:

  • Refers to any raw material or mode of expression used in an artistic or creative activity
  • It is the 'mode of expression' used to create an artwork
  • Common mediums in art include oil, watercolor, acrylic paint, clay for sculpture, and paper for collage
• • Commonly used for drawing, sketching, and making lines of varying thickness
  • Used by ancient civilizations like Egyptians and Greeks
• Different Types of Art Mediums:

  • Acrylic:
  • Made from synthetic resin with low odor
  • Versatile for experimenting with styles, techniques, and types of paint
  • Ideal for beginners, dries quickly, can be thinned with water
  • Requires fewer brushes than oil paints and has a wide range of colors
• • Scratching: Graphic technique for value drawings, commonly black-and-white
  • Engraving: Making prints from a metal plate by incising the design
  • Photography: Producing copies using a camera, drawing or writing with light
  • Etching: Making prints from a metal plate incised by acid, using an acid-resistant substance and sharp tool
• Art Techniques:

  • Burnishing Stick: Transfers designs to metal, wood, or textile
  • Tinkering: Repair or invention, understanding concepts while physically engaging with hands
  • Splattering: Flicking, throwing, or dripping paint onto a surface for abstract art
  • Throwing: Shaping clay on a potter's wheel to create pottery
  • Coloring: Basic use of colors in drawings or sketches
  • Flowing: Mixing paints in a cup and flipping it on canvas for flowing effect
  • Cutting: Art of paper designs, cutting from a single sheet of paper
• In etching, the plate can be made of iron, copper, or zinc
• To prepare the plate for etching, it is first polished to remove all scratches and imperfections from the surface
• Printmaking is the process of creating artworks by printing, normally on paper, textiles, boards or metal plates
• Printmaking covers only the process of creating prints that have an element of originality, rather than just being a photographic reproduction of a painting
• A single design is made to be multiplied
• Oil paints are slow drying, allowing for easy correction of mistakes and can be layered numerous times
• Common mediums in art are oil, watercolor, and acrylic paint, clay for sculpture, and paper for collage
• Different materials used in art have different properties, reflect light differently, and move differently
• The use of various media allows for more artistic expression because it adds another channel of expression to the artists
• Acrylic paint is made from synthetic resin and has low odor

  • It can be applied in many different ways
  • Offers versatility to experiment with many styles, techniques, and types of paint
  • Ideal painting medium for beginners
  • Dries quickly and can be used in wet on wet style techniques
  • Can be thinned with water up to a point
  • Requires fewer brushes than oil paints
  • Has a huge range of colors
• Chalk is a stick of compressed mineral pigment and clay

  • Used in drawings and paintings for centuries
  • Comes in different varieties with unique textures and colors
• Charcoal is a soft, black, brittle stick made of burnt wood

  • Makes marks on paper or canvas similar to graphite
  • Commonly used for drawing
  • Has been used for thousands of years
  • Used by cave painters, Ancient Egyptians, and Greeks
• Colored pencils combine color with graphite

  • Used to create realistic or abstract images
  • Similar to graphite pencils in use
• Graphite pencils create thin and thick lines based on pressure

  • Used for a wide range of media
  • Capable of displaying detail and shading
  • Texture and soft nature allow for transformation into natural colors
• Oil paints are made from a base of drying oil and pigment

  • Offer flexibility in working methods
  • Best medium for creating works of art
• Colored Pencils: Combines color with graphite properties Used for creating realistic or abstract images
• Graphite Pencils: Create thin and thick lines based on pressure Used for a wide range of media, from self-portraits to realistic reproductions
• Oil Paint: Made from drying oil and pigment Offers flexibility in working methods and best for creating art works
• Tinkering - The act of repair or invention. It expresses the creation and understanding of concepts in the mind while tinkering with the hands. When we physically engage with things, especially with our hands, we generate a great variety of sensory images.
• Splatter painting techniques involve using brushes and other implements to flick, throw, or drip paint onto a painting surface
• Splatter painting celebrates spontaneity, improvisation, and a highly physical approach to making art
• Splatter painting does not require formal training
• In pottery, throwing refers to making a pot from a piece of clay on a potter's wheel
• Throwing involves shaping the clay on the potter's wheel, from preparation and wedging the clay to centering it, opening the clay, shaping the desired object, and giving it final touches
• Coloring is a basic art technique that involves using colors applied to drawings or sketches
• Flowing technique is done by mixing paints in a cup, flipping it on the canvas, pulling the cup off, and allowing the paint to flow all over the canvas
• Papercutting is the art of paper designs that has evolved uniquely all over the world to adapt to different cultural styles
• Traditional papercutting styles involve cutting designs from a single sheet of paper, as opposed to using multiple adjoining sheets like in collage
• Scratch Art is a graphic technique used to create value drawings, with the most common technique being black-and-white
• Metallic backgrounds are also popular in Scratch Art, giving drawings the appearance of etching
• Scratch board is a paper or foil board covered with wax or gesso and coated with black ink for Scratch Art
• Engraving is a printmaking technique that involves making incisions into a metal plate to retain ink and form the printed image
• Photography is the process of creating an actual likeness of a design using a camera to produce the desired copy
• Etching is a printmaking method using a metal plate, usually copper, that has the design incised into it by acid