KBATs

• Adolescent Fertility Rate: number of births per 1,000 women ages 15 to 19
• Developed Country: country that has progressed relatively for a long continuum of development
• Developing Country: a country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of development
• Development: a process of improvement in the conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology
• Fair trade: an arrangement designed to help producers in developing countries achieve sustainable and equitable trade relationships
• Female labor force participation rate: the percentage of women holding full-time jobs outside the home
• Foreign Direct Investment: investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country
• Gender Development Index (GDI): measures gender inequalities in achievement in health, education, and command over economic resources
• Gender Inequality Index (GII): an indicator by the U.N. to measure health, empowerment, and the labor market
• Gross Domestic Product (GDP): the value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, not accounting for money that leaves and enters the country
• Gross National Income (GNI): the value of the output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, including money that leaves and enters the country
• Human Development Index (HDI): an indicator by the U.N. to measure the level of development by income, education, and life expectancy
• Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI): a modification of the HDI to account for inequality
• Literacy Rate: the percentage of a country’s people who can read and write
• Microfinance: provision of small loans and financial services to individuals and small businesses in developing countries
• Millennium Development Goals: 8 goals by the U.N. in 2002 to reduce disparities between developed and developing countries by 2015
• Primary Sector: the portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth, generally through agriculture
• Productivity: the value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it
• Pupil/teacher ratio: the number of enrolled students divided by the number of teachers
• Purchasing Power Parity (PPP): the amount of money needed in one country to purchase the same goods and services in another country
• Secondary sector: processing or refining of natural resources
• Structural adjustment program: economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions encouraging international trade
• Sustainable Development Goals: a set of 17 goals by the U.N. in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all
• Tertiary Sector: anything that has to do with the sale or exchange of goods
• World-systems theory: divides countries of the world into three groups based on political power, social standing, and economic and technological development