Typhoons :c

• A typhoon is an intense circular storm that originates over warm tropical oceans and is characterized by low pressure, strong winds,  and heavy rain.

  Drawing energy from the sea surface and maintaining its strength as long as it remains over warm water.
• Typhoons vary in name depending on where it is formed or developed.

  • Hurricane - North America, The Caribbean
  • Cyclone - Indian Ocean
  • Typhoon - Southeast Asia
• One of the contributing factors to the movement and formation of a typhoon is the Coriolis Effect or a force that describes the pattern of deflection taken by objects not firmly connected to the ground as they travel long distances around the Earth. Furthermore, the Coriolis effect is responsible for many large-scale weather patterns. In simpler terms, the Coriolis Effect makes objects, like planes or air currents, traveling long distances around Earth appear to follow a curved path instead of moving in a straight line.
• When a typhoon moves inland or over any landmass, it tends to weaken.
• The eye of the typhoon is the center which is usually 10-65km. It is a cloud-free area with sinking cool air and light winds.
• The eye wall surrounds the eye with thick clouds. It is a band of tall thunderstorms that produce heavy rains. It moves around 118kph.
• Rain bands closely encircle the eye wall with swirling clouds.
• The inner rainbands are thick clouds that are not scattered but move inward towards the center. They travel at 63-117kph.
• The outer rainbands are spiral bands of typhoons that are scattered and move towards the center.
• Not all storms become full-grown cyclones, it is due to several factors like conditions and factors such as the amount of warm air and wind direction. Some cyclones may develop as tropical depressions or low-pressure areas (LPA), and some of them may bring heavy rains and strong winds.
• Tropical disturbance - A region where the atmospheric pressure is lower than its surroundings. It becomes a depression or LPA.
• Tropical depressions form when a LPA is accompanied by thunderstorms that produce a circular wind flow with maximum sustained winds of 61kph.
• A tropical storm has intensified with maximum sustained winds of 62-88kph. At this point, it has an assigned name. The storm itself becomes more organized and begins to become more circular in shape.
• A severe tropical storm is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 48 knots to 63 knots near the center (winds of up to 890117kph).
• A typhoon is a tropical cyclone with a maximum wind speed of 118 to 220kph. It is developed in the Western North Pacific.
• A super typhoon could be the most powerful storm to make landfall. It is a tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed exceeding 220kph.
• Due to this idea, a tropical cyclone visits a country starting June to November, or sometimes up to January, and an average of 20 - 25 typhoons visit the country per year.
• Because of the risks brought by typhoons to the lives of many and their possible effects. The government agency through Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration (PAG-ASA) issued storm signals as the basis for immediate actions taken by the affected areas or regions. Also, the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), is an agency tasked to prepare for, and respond to, natural calamities, like typhoons and earthquakes.
• Signal #1: Winds of 30-60 kph in the next 24 hours

  Signal #2: Winds of 61-120 kph in the next 24 hours

  Signal #3: Winds of 121-170 kph in the next 18 hours

  Signal #4: Winds of 171-220 kph in the next 12 hours

  Signal #5: Winds of more than 220 kph in the next 12 hours
• Red rainfall advisory - more than 30mm rain, serious flooding

  Orange rainfall advisory - 15-30mm intense rain, flooding is threatening

  Yellow rainfall advisory - 7.5-15mm heavy rain, flooding is possible
• Storm Surge color-coded warning system

  Red (take action) - 3 meters above, storm surge is catastrophic

  Orange (alarm) - 1.1-3 meters, storm surge is expected

  Yellow (alert) - 0.1-1 meter, storm surge is possible

  Green (no alert)