Genetic Code

Cards (14)

  • Where is DNA located in eukaryotic cells?
    In the nucleus, arranged into linear chromosomes
  • How is DNA arranged in eukaryotic cells?
    Wrapped around histone proteins
  • What is the structure of DNA in prokaryotic cells?
    A single circular loop free in the cytoplasm
  • How is prokaryotic DNA different from eukaryotic DNA?
    Not associated with histones
  • What are exons?
    Regions that code for amino acids
  • What are introns?
    Non-coding regions within genes
  • What happens to introns during RNA splicing?
    They are removed
  • What does it mean that the genetic code is degenerate?
    More than one codon can code for the same amino acid
  • What does it mean that the genetic code is non-overlapping?
    Each base is read once in sequence
  • What is the universal nature of the genetic code?
    The same codons code for the same amino acids in all organisms
  • What is a gene?
    A base sequence of DNA that codes for a polypeptide
  • What is the genome?
    The complete set of genes in a cell
  • What is the proteome?
    The full range of proteins that a cell can produce
  • What type of DNA is found in mitochondria and chloroplasts?
    Circular DNA, similar to prokaryotic DNA