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A level Biology
Genetic Code
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Created by
Rory Russell
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Cards (14)
Where is DNA located in eukaryotic cells?
In the
nucleus
, arranged into linear
chromosomes
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How is DNA arranged in eukaryotic cells?
Wrapped around
histone proteins
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What is the structure of DNA in prokaryotic cells?
A single circular loop free in the
cytoplasm
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How is prokaryotic DNA different from eukaryotic DNA?
Not associated with
histones
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What are exons?
Regions that code for
amino acids
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What are introns?
Non-coding regions within
genes
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What happens to introns during RNA splicing?
They are
removed
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What does it mean that the genetic code is degenerate?
More than one
codon
can code for the same
amino acid
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What does it mean that the genetic code is non-overlapping?
Each
base
is read once in sequence
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What is the universal nature of the genetic code?
The same
codons
code for the same
amino acids
in all
organisms
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What is a gene?
A
base sequence
of
DNA
that codes for a
polypeptide
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What is the genome?
The complete set of
genes
in a
cell
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What is the proteome?
The full range of
proteins
that a cell can produce
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What type of DNA is found in mitochondria and chloroplasts?
Circular DNA
, similar to
prokaryotic
DNA
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