Istanbul

• Istanbul has been the capitol of 3 different empires
• Traffic:

  • 175 hours wasted yearly in traffic
  • +46 mins in peak hours
  • 1 hour ordinary journey
• • More traffic mean increase in fumes from cars
• Bosphorus strait is only 2 miles wide at its narrowest point
• The Bosphorus strait connects Europe to Asia
• Population is around 15,000,000. (lots of illegal migration)
• In 2014, Istanbul was significant due to it being named the most congested city
• Average speed during rush hour is 8 kmh
• 50,000 Ships go through the Bosporus Strait annually
• Housing:

  • gecekondo is the equivalent to slums in Istanbul, they are quickly built houses.
• There are only 3 bridges across the Bosphurus straight
• How is Istanbul changing to help the environment?

  
  

  1. Electric vehicles
  2. Solar power & Wind power
  3. Bus rapid transit
• BRT (Bus rapid transit) is a bus service that runs on dedicated lanes.
• In 2017, 400,000 people migrated to Istanbul