ZOOLEC

• Zoology is a branch of biology that deals with the study of the fascinating world of animal biology and their various aspects.
• The study of zoology significantly contributes to the understanding of the animal diversity.
• Zoology originated from two ancient Greek words "zoion" and "logia"
• Zoion means animal
• Logia means "the study of"
• Aristotle - He is often considered the father of zoology due to his significant work on the classification and characterization of animals.
• Carolus Linnaeus - His work on taxonomy and classification laid the foundation of the current pretext of zoology.
• Charles Darwin - Other than his work on evolution, his research on the Galapagos island also contributed significantly to zoological studies.
• Thomas Huxley - His work on Darwin’s theory of evolution also contributed greatly to the field of comparative anatomy of animals.
• Konrad Lorenz - His work on animal behavior has a significant impact on the understanding of zoology.
• E.O. Wilson - His work on biodiversity and sociobiology greatly contributed to our current understanding of ecology.
• Anatomy - The study of the internal and external structures of animals
• Physiology - The study of the mechanisms that underlie various bodily functions
• Ecology - The study of interactions between animals and their environment
• Ethology - The study of animal-specific behavior
• Taxonomy - The study of classification and naming of animals
• Evolutionary Biology - The study of the evolutionary history of animals
• Entomology - The study of insects
• Herpetology - The study of amphibians and reptiles
• Ornithology - The study of birds
• Ichthyology - The study of fish
• Mammalogy - The study of mammals
• Life - that property possessed by living things
• What are the seven characteristics of living organisms?

  • Complex Organization, Metabolism, Responsiveness, Growth, Reproduction, Evolution, Ecology
• Complex Organization - complex series of various organ systems
• Metabolism - exchanges of chemical matter with the external environment and extensive transformations of organic matter within the cells of a living organism.
• Responsiveness - respond to stimuli in the external environment. receiving information, such as eyes, ears, and taste buds.
• A system of nerves and a number of chemical regulators called hormones coordinate activities within an organism.
• Responses such as this occur in definite patterns and make up the behavior of an organism
• Growth - take in material from the environment and organize the material into its own structures.
• Reproduction - ability to produce copies of itself by the process
• Sexual Reproduction - two parents contribute to the formation of a new individual. During this process, a new combination of traits can be produced.
• Asexual reproduction involves only one parent, and the resulting cells are generally identical to the parent cell.
• Living organisms have the ability to adapt to their environment through the process of evolution. They develop abilities to cope with their environment that their ancestors did not have.
• Ecology - study of relationships between organisms and their relationships with their environment.
• Difference of Animals and Plants (Cell Structure) - Plants have a rigid cell wall composed of cellulose, they also contain chloroplasts while Animals have a flexible cell membrane.
• Difference of Animals and Plants (Nutrition) - Plants are autotrophic (produces own food) whereas Animals are heterotrophic (consuming other organisms)
• Difference of Animals and Plants (Mode of Locomotion) - Plants are generally non-motile whereas Animals are mobile and have well-developed systems for movement.
• Difference of Animals and Plants (Reproduction) - Plants reproduce through seeds, spores, or vegetative propagation whereas Animals reproduce sexually with internal/external fertilization
• Difference of Animals and Plants (Growth and Development) - plants have indeterminate growth whereas Animals have determinite growth (reaches a certain maturity period then stops growing)