GEOG paper 1

• What was the magnitude of the Chile earthquake on February 27, 2010?

  8.8 on the Richter scale
• When did the Nepal earthquake occur?

  25th April 2015
• What was the magnitude of the Nepal earthquake?

  7.9 on the Richter scale
• How many people died in the Nepal earthquake?

  9000 dead
• What were the immediate responses to the Nepal earthquake?

  • Search and rescue deployed
  • Helicopter rescues on Mt Everest
  • 500k tents provided
• What were the long-term responses to the Nepal earthquake?

  • Roads repaired and cleared
  • Financial aid pledged
  • Stricter building regulations
  • Houses and schools repaired
  • Tourism reintroduced
  • 300k migrated to seek support and shelter
• How many deaths were reported in Chile's response?

  500 dead
• What are the immediate responses to the situation in Chile?

  • Power restored to 90%
  • National appeal
• How long is the estimated time to rebuild in Chile?

  4 years to rebuild
• What plan was implemented for housing in Chile?

  Housing reconstruction plan
• What commodity helped rebuild Chile's economy?

  Strong copper export
• What is the historical and ecological importance of Abingdon Park?

  It has historical and ecological importance
• What issue arose due to lack of maintenance at Abingdon Park?

  Accumulation of silt and vegetation growth
• What were the consequences of the lack of maintenance in Abingdon Park for residents?

  No view for residents due to overgrowth
• When was the restoration of Abingdon Park completed?

  In 2014
• What was one of the main goals of the restoration in 2014?

  To restore the lake and improve its function
• What specific actions were taken during the restoration of Abingdon Park?

  • Redefined the lake
  • Desilted the lake
  • Created new waterside habitat for wildlife
• What is the current state of the ecosystem in Abingdon Park after restoration?

  The ecosystem thrives and the lake can be seen
• Where is the River Tees located?

  North East of England
• What type of river is the River Tees described as?

  Flashy river
• What features characterize the upper course of the River Tees?

  • High Force waterfall
  • Alternating soft and hard rock
  • Differential erosion
  • V-shaped valleys with interlocking spurs
• What geological feature is formed by differential erosion in the upper course?

  High Force waterfall
• How does the flow of water affect erosion in the middle course of the River Tees?

  Faster flow erodes outside banks, slower flow deposits
• What is formed after the meandering process in the middle course of the River Tees?

  • Oxbow lake
  • Meanders
  • Levees
• What happens to the channel of the River Tees in the lower course?

  It widens and meets the North Sea
• What geological feature is created by the resistant band of igneous rock in the River Tees?

  Waterfall
• What process occurs when the overhang of a waterfall collapses?

  Waterfall retreats upstream forming a gorge
• What is the case study location for rainforest adaptations mentioned?

  • Malaysia
• How much rainforest has Peninsular Malaysia lost since 2000?

  The size of Denmark
• What is the rate of land clearing in Malaysia?

  Football pitch every 4 minutes
• What are the main causes of deforestation in Malaysia?

  • Logging
  • Road building
  • Subsistence farming
  • Commercial farming
  • Mineral extraction
• What type of logging was Malaysia known for in the 1980s?

  World's largest exporter of tropical wood
• What is 'slash and burn' farming?

  A method of subsistence farming
• What are the impacts of deforestation in Malaysia?

  • Reduces biodiversity
  • Causes soil erosion
  • Increases climate change
• What are the economic gains and losses from deforestation in Malaysia?

  Gains:

  • Job creation
  • Tax revenue
  • Improved transport infrastructure
  • Export of minerals

  
  

  Losses:

  • Water pollution
  • Fires damage land
  • Loss of profitable plants
  • Decrease in ecotourism
  • Economic costs of climate change
• How can rainforest management be made sustainable?

  • International agreements
  • National government protection
  • Local sustainable practices
• What organization is mentioned for conservation and education efforts?

  WWF
• What is selective logging?

  A sustainable logging practice
• What is the purpose of replanting trees in sustainable management?

  To restore forest ecosystems
• Where is the River Tees located?

  North East of England