ENGGMATH 2 PROBABILITIES

• Set of all possible outcomes of a statistical experiment.

  Sample Space
• What is Sample Space symbol representation?

  S
• Each outcome in a sample space.

  Sample Point.
• Other name of element.

  Sample point
• Two ways of describing a sample space

  Roster Method and Rule Method
• Sets are described by enumerating all its elements and enclosing these by braces.


  Roster Method or Listing Method
• Eliminates the need of enumerating all the elements in a give. set, it is only necessary to specify the property or properties, which must be satisfied by all possible elements of that set.


  Rule Method or Set Builder Notation
• Listing of characteristics of sample points/elements.


  Rule Method
• Subset of a sample space


  Event
• A set containing only one element of the sample space.


  Simple event
• One that can be expressed as the union of simple events.


  Compound event
• A subset of the sample space that contains no elements.


  Null space or Empty space
• Used to illustrate the relationship between events and the corresponding sample space.


  Venn Diagram
• The event containing all elements that are common to A and B.


  Intersection of events
• The event containing all the elements that belong to A or B or both.


  Union of events
• A and B have no elements in common.


  Mutually exclusive events
• The set of all elements of S that are not in A.


  Complement of an event
• An arrangement of all or part of a set of objects.


  Permutation
• Set of things is a group of all or part of the things, without regard to the order of the things in this group.


  Combination
• The chance that something will happen.


  Probability
• The sum of the weights of all sample points in _.

  Probability of an Event
• Also called Priori probability

  Classical Probability
• We can make probability statements based on logical reasoning before any experiment takes place.


  Classical Probability
• Uses the past occurrences as basis for computing the probabilities.


  Relative Frequency of occurrence
• Uses “and”


  Intersection
• Uses “or”

  Union
• This is a Latin phrase that means lecture about state affairs.

  Stratisticum collegium
• The category of statistics that comprises those methods concerned with collecting and describing a set of data to yield meaningful information.

  Descriptive Statistics
• It is concerned with the analysis of a subset of data leading to predictions about the entire set of data.

  Inferential Statistics
• These models are established based on the experience, observation, or experiment of a population under study.

  Empirical Model
• These models established based on the underlying theory, principle, or law of a physical mechanism.

  Mechanistic model
• This is a type of variable where possible measurements are simply recorded or described.

  Qualitative
• This is a type of variable wherein possible measurements are numbers.

  Quantitative
• This level of measurement possesses all of the characteristics of interval scales but have true zero.

  Ratio
• German word originally designating the analysis of data about the state

  Statistik
• Science and practice of developing human knowledge through the use of empirical data

  Statistics
• Weekly allowance is a Ratio scale
• Gender is a/an Nominal scale
• Year level is a/an Ordinal scale
• IQ score is a/an Interval scale.