Biopsychology

• There are three types of neurons: sensory (afferent), motor (efferent), and interneuron.
• Neurons are specialized cells that transmit information throughout the nervous system.
• Interneurons connect sensory and motor neurons within the brain and spinal cord.
• Sensory neurons carry information from the body to the central nervous system, while motor neurons carry information from the CNS to muscles or glands.
• The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher-order thinking processes such as memory, attention, and decision making.
• The brain is divided into two hemispheres, with the left side controlling language and speech functions and the right side controlling spatial perception and artistic abilities.
• The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes all other nerves outside these structures.
• Sensory receptors detect stimuli from the environment or internal organs and send signals to the CNS through afferent neurons.
• Motor neurons carry messages from the CNS to effectors such as muscles and glands, causing them to respond appropriately.
• The PNS consists of all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.
• The human nervous system is composed of two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
• The autonomic division of the PNS controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing.
• The pituitary gland releases hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and other bodily functions.