AC1.1

• Laws made in parliament are called statutes
• Another word for laws as a whole is legislation
• What are the two main types of bills?

  Private bills

  Public bills
• Private bills are intended to affect one particular area or organisation

  Personal bills are a subsection of private bills and affect one or two people. they always begin in the lords
• Public bills are intended to affect the public as a whole.

  Government bills are steered through parliament by a minister from the appropriate government department.

  Private member bills are sponsored by an individual MP or a peer
• Name the stages of passing a bill

  Consultation stage

  First reading

  second reading

  committee stage

  report stage

  third reading

  Bill goes to the other house

  Royal Assent
• Lower courts have to follow the decisions of higher courts
• What is green paper?

  Before putting a bill before parliament, the government publishes a green paper which is an initial report to provoke public discussion of the subject
• What is a white paper?

  After a green paper, the government publishes a white paper which sets out their detailed plans for the new legislation. it includes a draft version of the bill
• Judicial precedent is where past decisions of judges creates law for future judges to follow.