Coastal management

• What does coastal management aim to protect the coast from?

  Erosion and flooding
• Why is coastal management important?

  To preserve ecosystems and support communities
• What are the three main types of coastal management strategies?

  Hard engineering, soft engineering, sustainable management
• How does hard engineering impact natural processes?

  It can disrupt natural processes
• What is a characteristic of soft engineering strategies?

  Uses natural elements for protection
• What is the effectiveness of soft engineering methods?

  Effective for natural coastal protection
• What is a key principle of sustainable coastal management?

  Integration of hard and soft engineering methods
• What does community involvement in sustainable management aim to achieve?

  Engagement in planning and implementation
• What are the advantages of a combined approach to coastal management?

  Effective and ecologically sound protection
• What are the pros and cons of hard engineering methods?

  Pros:

  • Effective at blocking waves
  • Long lifespan
  • Clear line of defense

  
  

  Cons:

  • High cost
  • Disrupts natural processes
  • Not aesthetically pleasing
• What are the pros and cons of soft engineering methods?

  Pros:

  • Environmentally friendly
  • Works with natural processes

  
  

  Cons:

  • Can be less reliable
  • Requires maintenance
• What are the main hard engineering methods used in coastal management?

  1. Sea walls
  2. Groynes
  3. Breakwaters
• What are the primary protection types in soft engineering methods?

  1. Beach Enhancement
  2. Vegetation-Based
  3. Reef Protection
  4. Managed Retreat
• How do hard and soft engineering strategies differ in coastal management?

  • Hard Engineering: Physical structures, immediate protection, disrupts nature
  • Soft Engineering: Natural processes, environmentally friendly, less reliable
• What are the key principles of sustainable coastal management?

  1. Integration of methods
  2. Community involvement
  3. Policy planning
  4. Long-term ecological health
  5. Economic viability
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of hard engineering compared to soft engineering?

  Hard Engineering:

  • Advantages: Immediate protection
  • Disadvantages: Disrupts natural processes, high cost

  
  

  Soft Engineering:

  • Advantages: Environmentally friendly
  • Disadvantages: Less reliable, requires maintenance
• What is the definition of Beach Nourishment?

  The beach is made wider by using sand and shingle.

  
• How does Beach Nourishment increase the distance a wave has to travel?

  It slows down and prevents erosion by increasing the distance a wave has to travel.

  
• What is the definition of Managed Retreat?

  Certain areas of the coast are allowed to erode and flood naturally due to their low value.

  
• How does Managed Retreat encourage the development of beaches and salt marshes?

  It is low cost and allows natural eroded material to encourage the development of beaches and salt marshes.

  
• What is the definition of Beach Stabilization?

  Planting dead trees in the sand to stabilize the beach.

  
• How does Beach Stabilization widen the beach and slow down waves?

  It widens the beach therefore slowing down waves and preventing erosion.

  
• What is the definition of Dune Regeneration?

  Creating new sand dunes or restoring existing dunes.

  
• How do Dunes act as a barrier and absorb wave energy?

  Dunes act as a barrier and absorb wave energy, reducing erosion and protecting against flooding.

  
• What is the definition of Afforestation of Coastal Dunes?

  A way to stabilize dunes by planting trees.

  
• How does Afforestation of Coastal Dunes minimize sand drift and erosion?

  By stabilizing the dunes, this minimizes sand drift and erosion.