Volcano

• A volcanic crater is the top part of a volcano where magma rises to the surface, often forming a cauldron-like depression at the summit.
• Volcano is a vent, hill or mountain from which molten or hot rocks with gaseous material have been ejected.
• Crater

  a funnel-shaped opening at the top of a volcano.

  Magma chamber this is a large underground cavity or reservoir where malten rock (magma) is stored before it erupts.
• Ash

  consists of fragments of rocks, minerals, and volcanic glass created during volcanic eruptions.

  Main vent tunnel-like inside a volcano where magma travels to reach the earth's surface
• 
  

  magma that flows out of the earth's surface.

  
  

  Lava molten rocks beneath the volcano.
• 3 parts of volcano

  Summit

  Base

  Slope
• ACTIVE VOLCANO

  An is a volcano that has a record of eruption within the last 600 years or has erupted 10,000 years ago based on analyses of its materials.
• INACTIVE VOLCANO

  And is the one that has no recard of eruption for the last 10,000 years and Its physical form is being changed by agents of weathering and erosion.
• SHIELD CONE VOLCANO

  are formed from the accumulation of lava that oozes out from the volcano. Since non-viscous lava can flow freely.

  
  

  that resembles a warriors shield is formed.
• CINDER CONE VOLCANO

  are built from ejected lava fragments. They have steep slope, wide crater and are the most abundant of the three major volcano types.
• COMPOSITE CONE VOLCANO or stratovolcanoes are large, nearly perfect structure formed from alternate solidification of both lava and pyroclastic deposits
• Phreatic or hydrothermal • It happens when the hot rocks come in contact with water. It is called a stream-driven eruption, short-lived, characterized by ash columns but may be the onset of a larger eruption.
• Phreatomagmatic It is a violent eruption due to the contact between water and magma. As a result, a large column of very fine ash and high-speed and sideway emission of pyroclastics called base surges are observed.
• Strombolian Bursting of huge clots, lava from the volcano's crater summit was displayed forming a luminous arc from the sky. It is also described as a periodic weak to violent eruption characterized by fountain lava.
• Vulcanian • It is characterized by tall eruption columns that reach up to 20 km high with pyroclastic flow and ash fall tephra.
• Plinian • It is considered as the most powerful and deadliest type of eruption. It ejects excessive amount of ashes and pyroclastics, together with an explosive explosion of viscous lava.
• Their various eruptions depend following factors: types on of the

  Magma's temperature

  Chemical composition

  Amount of dissolved gases they contain.
• Lava with less silica content has low viscosity that it can travel a great distance forming a thin shoot. • Lava with high silica content is too viscous to travel far, and tends to break up as it flows.
• • Lava with low amount of gas and high silica content is very viscous and does not flow out at all as it rises, forming a columnar plug in the vent. • Lava with low amount of gas as it rises has high viscosity that it piles up at a vent resulting in a dome.
• pulverized rocks, sand, gritty and harsh glasses shoot out in the air by volcano.>?

  ASH FALL
• mixture of water, molten rocks and debris flowing down from the side of volcano to the ground. It is also called as Lahar.?

  MUD FLOW
• streams of molten rocks and other fragmented materials emitted by erupting volcano.?

  LAVA FLOW
• fast moving hot mixtures of gas, ash, and molten rocks moving away from the volcano to the ground.?

  Pyroclastic flow