Specific Immune Response (Activities 4-5)

• Cells involved in the specific immune response are B and T lymphocytes
• Steps if the specific immune response are: Recognition, multiplication, and differentiation
• Recognition is when B or T cells recognize the antigen
• Multiplication is when B or T cells reproduce themselves forming clones (identical copies having identical receptors)
• The first contact with an antigen is called the primary immune response
• The second contact with an antigen is is called the secondary immune response
• The latent time is the period of time between the entry of the microbe and production of antibodies.
• The characteristics of the specific immune response are fast, efficient, long-lasting
• In the step of differentiation, in the case of the humoral specific immune response, B lymphocytes become antibody secreting cells and memory cells enter a resting state, remaining ready for any invasion by the same microbe.
• In the step of differentiation, in case of a cell mediated specific immune response, T lymphocytes become killer cells and kill the antigen, and memory cells enter a resting state, remain ready for any invasion by the same microbe.
• An individual who has certain agglutinins cannot receive red blood cells that carry corresponding agglutinogens
• The binding of agglutinins to the agglutinogens causes agglutination of R.B.C, this would lead to serious and sometimes fatal rejection
• Agglutination occurs when two or more particles stick together because they have been coated with an antibody
• Who can donate blood to a person of Blood Group A?

  The recipient is of blood group A, he has anti-B agglutinins. So he can receive blood from individuals who do not have agglutinogens B. They are A and O.