RALPH

• Why is Ralph elected leader?

  • Because of his charisma, physical presence, and the symbolism of the conch.
  • ' the fair haired boy'
• What does Ralph’s leadership style represent?

  • Democracy, reason, and civilisation
  • 'weve got to have rules and obey then , after all were not savages' ch.2
  • irony and foreshaddowing
• What is Ralph's top priority as leader?

  • Keeping the signal fire going for rescue
  • 'The fire is the most important thing on the island.”
• What quote shows Ralph’s struggle to understand the group’s descent?

  • “Things are breaking up. I don’t understand why.”
• What does Ralph symbolise in the novel?

  • Order, logic, and moral integrity
  • everyday normal people
• Is Ralph completely immune to savagery?

  • No—he is tempted by it, making him a realistic, complex character
• How does Ralph feel after Simon’s death?

  • Deep guilt and moral awareness
  • “That was murder.”
• What quote shows Ralph's fear of the boys' transformation?

  • “I’m frightened. Of us.”
• What does the conflict between Ralph and Jack represent?

  • Civilisation (Ralph) vs. savagery (Jack).
• How does Jack undermine Ralph’s leadership?

  • By rejecting rules and appealing to the boys' instincts and fear.
• What does the conch symbolise for Ralph?

  • Structure, authority, and fairness.
  • ''Then I’ll give him the conch. . . . I’ll give the conch to the next person to speak. He can hold it when he’s speaking.”
• How does Ralph change throughout the novel?

  • From a confident leader to a traumatised, self-aware boy.
• What is the significance of the final quote: “Ralph wept for the end of innocence…”?

  • t shows his loss of childhood innocence and realisation of human evil.
  • ''bee produces honey as man porduces evil''
• How is Ralph different from Jack in terms of goals?

  • Ralph values long-term rescue and survival; Jack seeks power and pleasure.
• What makes Ralph a powerful symbol in the novel?

  • He represents the potential for goodness and structured society.
• Why does Golding make Ralph imperfect?

  • To show that even the best of us are vulnerable to darkness.
• What does Ralph ultimately understand by the end?

  • That evil lies within all humans—not just in the wild
• What does “The rules! You’re breaking the rules!” show about Ralph?

  • His desperation to maintain civilisation.
• What does “Don’t you see? Things are breaking up.” reveal?

  • His awareness of society’s collapse on the island
• What is Ralph’s reaction to Simon’s death?

  • He recognises it as morally wrong.
  • ''that was murder''