Cell Biology: Mitosis

• What are new cells required for?


  Growth

  Development

  Repair
• Cells have genes. They code for specific proteins. In humans there are 46 chromosomes, 23 pairs in all cells (except sex cells).
• What are the two types of chromosomes?


  XX Chromosomes = Girl/Female

  XY Chromosome = Boy/Male
• What is the definition of a gene?


  A gene is a section of DNA that determines a particular characteristic by coding for a protein
• Chromosomes are made up of very long and tightly coiled molecules of DNA
• What are the 3 stages of the cell cycle?


  Cell Cycle

  Cytokinesis

  Mitosis
• Stage 1: Cell Growth

  • Also called Interphase
  • Organelles are made or duplicared
  • DNA copies itself
• Stage 2: Mitosis

  • The nucleus divides into two and moves to either side of the cell
• Stage 3: Cytokinesis

  • The cell divides into two, producing two daughter cells
  • The daughter cells are identical to the parent cell
• The process of mitosis:

  1. Parent cell
  2. Chromosomes replicate (Interphase)
  3. They line up along the equator/centre (Metaphase)
  4. They move apart (Anaphase)
  5. Two identical daughter cells form with identical chromosomes to the parent cell
  6. The cycle repeats