demography

• birth rates are declining - women are having less children
• reasons for declining births - womens changing position - more choice
• effects of changes in fertility - changing family structure - dual role couples
• decline in death rate - due to improved knowledge and health care
• life expectancy is increasing but this is based on class and gender
• effects of ageing population - strain on resources, one person households, dependancy ratio
• philipson - old people are treated badly due to their age
• pilcher - inequalities like gender and class determine the lifestyle that the older generation live
• immigration - movement into somewhere
• immigration is increasing
• emmigration - moving out of somewhere
• net migration - difference between numbers of people in and people out
• impact of migration - population size increase, age structure changes, increase in birth rates, dependency ratio improves
• globalisation - interconnectedness accross the world
• differentiation - increasing the diversity of migrants
• feminisation and migration - half of global migrants are female - fitted into patriarchal sterotypes
• migrant identities - migrants develop hybrid idetnities from two or more cultures
• politicisation of migration - immigrants are encouraged to assimilate to values and customs of the new country