music of India grade 8

• India is the largest country in South Asia
• India's music reflects different aspects of Asian culture through its timber, rhythm, melody, texture, form, and style
• India's classical music tradition includes Carnatic and Hindustani music
• Vocal music in India includes melismatic singing with nasal vocal quality
• Samagana style of singing developed into a strong and diverse tradition over several centuries in India
• Rigveda is an ancient Indian sacred collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns
• Carnatic music is directed to a Hindu god and is called temple music
• Hindustani music goes back to Vedic period times around 1000 BC
• There are many musical instruments in India used in both Hindustani and Karnatic music
• Mridangam is the most common instrument for keeping rhythm in Carnatic music
• Tala is a regular repeating rhythmic phrase in Indian music
• Tabla is the most common instrument for keeping rhythm in Hindustani music
• Carnatic music:

  • Unified where schools are based on the same ragas, solo instruments, and rhythm instrument
  • Compositions called kriti are devotional songs
• Hindustani music:

  • Developed in the 13th and 14th centuries AD with Persian influences
  • Nasal singing is observed in their vocal music
  • Influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions and enriched by Persian performance practices
• Classification of instruments in India

  GHAN- described as a non membranous percussive instrument.

  AVANADDH- described as an membranous percussive instrument.

  SUSHIR- also known as blown air(aerophone)

  TAT- referred to as vina during old civilization

  VITAT- described as bowed stringed instruments.
• Instruments in India:

  • Sitar: Plucked stringed instrument used mainly in Hindustani music
  • Bansuri: Transverse flute of India
  • Shehnai: Double reed oboe common in India
  • Shankha: Conch shell with ritual and religious importance
  • Tabla: Membranophone percussion instrument used in Hindustani classical music
• In North India, the most common type of singing is called khyal, which is also called "imagination"
• GHAN

  *Ghatam- it is a clay pot with narrow mouth instrument

  *Karta- means rhythm of the hand

  *Manjira- usually made of bronze, brass, copper or bell metal
• AVANADDH

  *Daf- is like a tambourne

  *Tabla- has a head made of animal skin

  *Dhol- an indian drum
• sushir

  *shenhai - north indian oboe

  *shank- conhc shell

  *surpet- shruti box
• Tat

  *sitar- the most popular instrument in north india

  *ektar- is a one stringed instrument

  *gotuvadyam- fretless

  *gopichand- or ektar

  *rabab- short necked lute