Water Surround The Earth

• Earth is often called as Blue Planet or Watery planet becuase of the abundance of water present on its surface in the forms of lakes,rivers,streams,water vapuors,oceans and seas.Water covers about 71% of the total land surface . Out of this - 97% is salty water , 2% is glacier ice and less than 1% is fresh water .
• NAME THE RIVERS OF EARTH ?

  Pacific , Atlantic , Arctic , Indian .
• The earth receives major part of its fresh water through rainfall .
• Explain Water Cycle ?


  1. The sun is the major source of energy which causes the water to evaporate . The sun rises the temperature which results in the evaporation of the water which gets converted into water vapours.
  2. The water vapour moves upwards from the earth's surface and reaches the upper atmosphere where it condensed into tiny crystals or water droplets due to low temperatures . This process is known as Condensation .
  3. When these tiny crystals or water droplets grow bigger and heavier and are unable to float in the atmosphere they come down in the form of precipitation on the ground.
• WHAT IS GROUND WATER AND IMPORTANCE ?

  A major part of water runs through numerous streams . A small amount of water percolates inside the earth which is known as ground water . Ground water is very important for the plants as they derive the water and minerals through ground water and return it through their roots in the form of water vapours from their leaves .
• HOW THE DISTRIBUTION OF WATER IS NOT UNIFORM EVERYWHERE ?

  The distribution of water is not uniform in the whole world as some areas receive heavy rainfall and snowfall which makes the water supply surplus there . On the other hand the areas which receive small amounts of rainfall and snowfall have a shortage of water there . Hence to regulate water in these areas we store water in large reservoirs . Therefore , judicious use of water is important to sustain life .
• WHAT ARE WAVES AND HOW THEY ARE CAUSED WITH A EXAMPLE ?

  The waves are the up and down movement of water particles . It is important to note that the water does not travel with the wave . It is like a ball thrown in the water which moves up and down only along with the wave , The rythmic movement of water produces a pattern known as a wave . The height of the wave depends upon the speed and duration of the wind from a particular direction .
• DEFINE OCEAN CURRENTS AND THE MOVEMENT OF WARM CURRENT TOWARD THE POLAR REGIONS ?

  The ocean currents are the continuous movements of large masses of ocean water in a particular direction . Ocean water are of 2 types - Warm Currents and Cold Currents . As the cold water is denser than warm water it moves below the layer of hot water . Due to this the cold water near the polar region move towards the equatorial region . This results in the movement of warm currents towards the polar region , therefore ocean currents are formed .
• Ocean currents play an important role in influencing the climate of coastal regions
• When a warm current passes through a coastal region, it makes the temperature warm and humid, causing rainfall
• When a cold current passes through a coastal region, it lowers the temperature and makes the place cool and dry
• The confluence of warm and cold currents results in plentiful growth of plankton, which serves as a major food source for the aquatic environment
• Ocean currents also aid in fishing and encourage people to engage in fishing activities
• Ocean currents assist in navigation
• Tide is the periodic rise and fall in the level of the ocean water. Tied occur twice a day. Tides are of 2 types - high tide and low tide , when the level of the ocean is high it is high tide when the level of the ocean is low it is a low tide. Tides are caused due to the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun. The high tides help the big ships to sale or enter the harbour will stop one of the important hardware in the world is the Kolkata port. Tidal energy is harnessed via tides to generate electricity. Tidal energy is also a important type of renewable energy.
• The ocean facilitates the countries to trade with one another . The oceans provide a means of transport in a cheaper way compared to any other means of transport. The aquatic environment provides food and aquatic plants in abundance to the human kind. Ocean floors also have minerals in them. Some of the minerals are Manganese , Platinum, Cobalt, gold, Nickel etc. Several countries are tapping oil from the bottle of the ocean floors; however this process is at the early stage.