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• At the end of the unit, learners should be able to:

  • Classify various art forms found in the Philippines
  • Demonstrate correct posture, breath support, and vocal projection during a theatrical performance
  • Appreciate the beauty and value of different art forms and cultures to develop a deeper understanding and empathy for the human experience through artistic expression
• In this unit, learners should be able to:

  • Value the importance of creativity and innovation in the creation of art
  • Appreciate the hard work and dedication required to produce an exceptional performance
  • Recognize the power of performance to connect with an audience and convey emotions and messages
• The Philippines is known for its diverse performing arts, including dance, music, theater, and puppetry, showcasing unique forms of performance preserved across generations
• An example of traditional Filipino performing arts is the singkil dance, originating from the Maranao people in the southern Philippines

  • The singkil dance tells the story of a princess lost in a mystical forest, relying on her companions to overcome challenges
  • It is characterized by complicated footwork, colorful costumes, and rhythmic accompaniment of gongs and traditional instruments
• Three kinds of performing art forms according to material used are:

  • Music
  • Dance
  • Theater
• Elements of music (auditory) include:

  • Rhythm: movement, fluctuation, or variation marked by the regular recurrence or natural flow of related elements
  • Pitch: highness or lowness of sound
  • Melody: a rhythmic succession of single tones organized as an aesthetic whole
• Elements of music (auditory) also include:

  • Musical Notations: representing music by a system of marks or signs
  • Harmony: the combination of simultaneous musical notes in a chord
  • Timbre: the perceived sound quality of a musical tone
• Elements of dance (kinesthetic) include:

  • Arrangement or pattern: movements and steps enabling performers to perform in an organized manner
  • Time and space: performing arts depend highly on time and space
• Elements of theater (dramatic) include:

  • Stage direction: instructions indicating movement, blockings, or positions in the performance
  • Narratology: the narrative structure of the piece
  • Scenic design: artistic design creating the background or scene to complement the performances
• Philippine performing arts is shaped by the country's history of colonization and diverse cultural practices

  • It has roots in indigenous rituals, believed to be the origin of theater arts in the country
  • Shamans or babaylans perform rituals involving trance, animal sacrifice, chanting, and rhythmic playing of indigenous musical instruments
• Philippine Folk Dance celebrates the country's culture and tradition through traditional dances from diverse regions

  • These dances represent different aspects of Philippine culture, such as harvest rituals, courtship traditions, and religious ceremonies
  • Filipinos express their identity and talents through these dances while preserving their cultural heritage
• Social realism encompasses a diverse range of artworks showing poignant commentary on socio-political issues of the country
• The emergence of social realism in the Philippines can be traced back to two specific periods: the late 1800s revolutionary period and the First Quarter Storm in the 1970s
• Noteworthy artists in the realm of social realism include:

  • Pablo Baens Santos
  • Papo De Asis
  • Antipas Delotavo
  • Edgar Talusan Fernandez
  • Renato Habulan
  • Al Manrique
  • Leonilo Doloricon
  • Jose Tence Ruiz
  • BenCab
  • Nunelucio Alvarado
  • Jeho Bitancor
  • Manny Garibay
  • Charlie Co
  • Mark Justiniani
  • Eugene Cubillo
• Two-Dimensional Expressions:

  • Mainly flat with length and width dimensions
  • Techniques include Alla Prima, Encaustic, Tempera Painting, Fresco, Watercolor, Oil on Canvas, Mosaic, Stained Glass, Tapestry, Drawing, Printing, Photography
• Three-Dimensional Expressions:

  • Objects have volume in addition to length and width
  • Categories include Molding, Carving, Etching, Installing
• Multi-Dimensional Expressions:

  • Uses length, width, mass, time, and space as dimensions
  • Techniques include Lashed construction, Truss Construction, Post and lintel construction, Cantilever, Arches
• Visual arts in the Philippines is characterized by a wide array of cultural influences, including ethnic, Spanish, American, and contemporary traditions
• Early artworks by indigenous peoples of the Philippines had social and communal functions, involved sculpting, pottery, weaving, and had spiritual significance
• Colonizers' influence in Philippine visual arts:

  • Spaniards added a religious dimension
  • Americans saw a push and pull between liberated and conservative beliefs
• Alice Reyes played a pivotal role in establishing and expanding ballet in the Philippines
• Francisco "Bobby" Mañosa is a well-known Filipino architect celebrated for his exceptional contributions to Filipino architecture
• FAD ART: Francisco "Bobby" Mañosa's works prominently feature traditional materials and design elements like bamboo, cogon grass, and capiz shells
• Contemporary art is important in society as it represents new or current art, often labeled as "modern" in contrast to traditional or conservative art
• The term "modern" is used to describe the present, implying being up-to-date and technologically advanced
• Modern art emerged as a groundbreaking and provocative movement, while neoclassical art offered a sense of familiarity and comfort
• Victorio Edades pioneered the modern art movement as a response to the neoclassic style, altering colors and flattening images to avoid illusions of depth, proximity, and perfection
• Social realists like Romeo Tabuena, Hernando Ocampo, Vicente Manansala, and others actively addressed social conditions following World War II, portraying the issues and challenges faced by society
• Imelda Cajipe-Endaya's artwork "Filipina: Dh, Installation" embodies social realism but distinguishes itself through its unique style and medium, adopting installation art as a means of expression
• Contemporary art is influenced by social realism, addressing current societal issues, while modern art is known for its unique artistic styles used by the artists
• Contemporary artists often display their work in traditional galleries, while modern artists embrace digital platforms to showcase their creations
• Subject matter in art refers to its content or what it portrays
• It can be figurative, depicting recognizable objects or scenes
• It can be nonfigurative, focusing on texture, color, composition, shape, or movement
• Theme of an artwork is the underlying idea or concept that connects the subjects to their context
• It provides a more profound meaning or message to the artwork
• Themes can be identified through the title, artist, medium, dimension, and year it was made
• Subject matter answers, “What do we see, hear, smell, taste, or touch?”
• Identifying the subject requires a combination of senses and keen observation
• It is not just about the image but how it is presented and how the elements are deployed