Male Reproductive system

• Major Organs of the Male Reproductive System Penis, Testes, Epididimys, and Scrotum
• Penis: the external reproductive organ, urethra passes through the penis and allows urine and semen to exit the body.
• Testes: Responsible for the production of the semen, and produces sperm and hormones (testosterone)
• Epididimys: A comma shaped part of the male reproductive system stores the sperm and serves as the site for sperm maturation
• Scrotum: a sac or pouch which holds the testes
• Transport Tubes of the Male Reproductive System Urethra, Vas Deferens, and Ejaculatory duct.\
• Urethra: a tube which allows urine and semen to exit the body. Connects to the bladder
• Vas Deferens: a long transport tube that carries the sperm from the epididimys to the ejaculatory duct
• Ejaculatory Duct: Formed by the vas deferens and the seminal vesicle, carries the sperm to the urethra
• Accessory Glands of the Male Reproductive System Seminal Vesicle, Prostate Gland, and Bulbourethral gland or Cowper’s Gland
• Seminal Vesicle: Secretes an alkaline fluid that contains sugar which provides energy to the sperm cell
• Prostate gland: that secretes fluid which is a component of semen. A milky fluid that liquifies the semen making the sperm move faster
• Bulbourethral gland or Cowper’s Gland: releases alkaline substance in the urethra to neutralize the acid from the urine.
• Parts of the Sperm Cell Head, Mid piece, and Tail.
• HEAD: encloses the nucleus which contains the genetic material
• MIDDLE PIECE: contains the mitochondria that provides energy for the sperm to move
• TAIL: used the sperm cell for movement
• SPERMATOGENESIS The process of producing the sperm which happens in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
• SPERMATOGONIUM- As germ cells mature they move from the basement membrane of the tubule to the tubular lumen.
• PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTE - produced by mitosis, primary spermatocytes, like spermatogonia, are diploid and have 46 chromosomes.
• SECONDARY SPERMATOCYTE - Produced by first meiotic division, meiosis I, to produce two secondary spermatocytes, a haploid cell each with 23 chromosomes
• SPERMATIDS - As a result of meiosis, each spermatid contains only half of the genetic material present in the original primary spermatocyte
• SPERM - During this process pronounced changes occur in the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus becomes progressively darker and elongated