Female reproductive system

• Organs of the Female Reproductive System Vagina, Cervix, Uterus, Fallopian Tubes, and Ovary.
• Mitosis is the type of cell division that occurs in non-reproductive cells.
• Meiosis is cell division that occurs in reproductive cells; gametes
• 23 chromosomes are contained in gametes; this is so that when egg and sperm meet, they produce offspring with 46 chromosomes
• Vagina: also called the birth canal, a tube leading from the uterus to the outside of the body. (Where sperm enters. It is acidic.)
• Cervix: the lower portion of the uterus; where the vagina and uterus meet. (Dilates for the delivery of baby.)
• Uterus: a hollow, fist-sized organ located between the bladder and rectum. (Where the zygote implants and the embryo develops)
• Fallopian Tubes: also called oviducts; are two tubes connecting the uterus with the ovaries. (site of fertilization)
• Ovaries: small organs on the ends of the Fallopian tubes responsible for the production and release of eggs (ova-pl).
• Oogenesis is the process of formation of female gametes.
• Oogenesis is the type of gametogenesis through which ova, also called the female gametes are formed and the produced female gamete is known as an ovum
• menstrual cycle- The process in which females ripen or release one mature egg.
• The average menstrual cycle will repeat itself about every 28 days, but normal menstrual cycles can range from 21 to 40 days.
• Stage 1 - An egg is beginning to mature within a cluster of cells called a follicle
• Stage 2 - Rapid follicle and egg growth
• Stage 3 - Ovulation occurs; fully mature egg bursts out of the follicle (fertile) empty follicle transforms into the corpus luteum
• Stage 4 - Egg travels through fallopian tube (7 days) if not fertilized upon arrival in uterus the corpus luteum shrinks triggering menstruation and ripening of new egg
• OOGONIUM (plural oogonia) is an immature ovum. They are formed in large numbers early in fetal life from primordial germ cells
• PRIMARY OOCYTE - produced by mitosis, primary oocytes, like oogonia, are diploid and have 46 chromosomes
• SECONDARY OOCYTE - Produced by first meiotic division, meiosis I, to produce 1 secondary oocytes, a haploid cell each with 23 chromosomes and a polar body
• OOTIDS - As a result of meiosis, each ootid contains only half of the genetic material present in the original primary oocyte
• OVUM - The ootid develops into a mature ovum, and the polar bodies eventually disintegrates at the end of the process