ZOOLAB: Histology

• Epithelial Tissues: These are tissues mainly used to cover the entire body as well as the internal structure and cavities.
• Stratified Epithelium: Layers of epithelial tissue stacked on top of each other
• Simple Cuboidal: Cube-shaped cells with one nucleus per cell
• Columnar: cells that resembles an upright pilar of column.
• Simple Squamous Epithelium: formed by a single layer of cells on a basement membrane. It is also termed as pavement epithelium and produces fluids such as mucus that acts as a lubricating agent against friction.
• Frog Simple Squamous Gland: This type of epithelial cell plays a big role why a frog's skin is permeable. These glands produce mucus to maintain the moisture into its skin. This makes a frog and other amphibians vulnerable.
• Frog Stratified Squamous Epithelium: consists of flat/ squamous cells that are layered or stacked on top of each other, and protects as well as retains water in the body. In humans this type of epithelium is usually seen in the mouth, while frogs have it in their skin
• Frog Columnar Epithelium: Cells appear like thin columns made of a single layer of long epithelial cells that are often seen in regions where absorption and secretion are important features.
• Cuboidal Cells: found in the kidney and almost as tall as they are wide with a large spherical nuclei that are centrally located. Their major functions are absorption and secretion. It is also responsible for absorbing different fluids in the kidney including amino acids and glucose.
• Nervous Tissue: the organ system that controls the body’s movements, sends and carries signals to the different parts of the body.
• Motor Nerve Ending: structures that facilitate the transmission of nerve impulses from motor neurons to muscle fibers, plays a big role in controlling muscle activity in reptiles and other vertebrates.
• Vascular Tissue: : fluid or liquid tissue with cells used to distribute body materials such as food, hormones, gases, and waste.
• Red Blood Cells: These cells transport oxygenated blood.
• White Blood Cells: Protects your body from infection.
• Platelets: They are important for blood clotting. It is responsible for healing wounds and preventing bleeding.
• Frogs only have red blood cells, white blood cells, and thrombocytes in their blood. Frogs don’t have platelets like humans do, but they have thrombocytes which are cells that release clotting factors, and fibrinogen in the blood plasma which are converted into fibrin threads.
• Phagocytosis: is a cellular process by which certain cells, typically immune cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, engulf and digest foreign particles, such as bacteria, viruses, or cellular debris. This process is crucial for the body's defense against pathogens and plays a significant role in the immune response
• What is this process called?

  Phagocytosis

  
• Pseudopodia: are temporary, finger-like projections of the cell membrane and cytoplasm that enable cells to move and engulf particles.
• Diapedesis: also known as extravasation, is a physiological process where white blood cells (leukocytes), particularly neutrophils and monocytes, move from the bloodstream to the surrounding tissues
• Connective Tissue: These are tissues that bind and support tissues and organs together.
• Cartilage: this contains intercellular substance or matrix with cells known as chondrocytes. the membrane covering with fibers is perichondrium.
• Hyaline Cartilage: provides support to joint and reduces friction between bones. Located in the nose, trachea and joints.
• Elastic Cartilage: maintains shape and flexibility. Located in the external parts of the ear, eustachian tubes, and epiglottis.
• Fibrous Cartilage: absorbs shock and provided strength. Located in the meniscus in the knee, in discs between the spinal vertebrae and within muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
• What type of cartilage is being shown?

  Hyaline

  
• What type of cartilage is being shown?

  Fibrous Cartilage

  
• What type of cartilage is being shown?

  Fibrous Cartilage

  
• What type of cartilage is being shown?

  Elastic Cartilage

  
• Adipose: Consists of large, rounded cells containing fats. It is mainly composed of fat cells or adipocytes and its main functions include the storage and release of energy, as well as providing insulation.
• Muscular Tissue: give shape and form to the body and are important for locomotion and movement.
• Smooth Muscle: Moving substances through coordinated contractions.
• Skeletal Muscle: movements and maintenance of posture.
• Cardiac Muscle: heart’s contraction and pumping action.
• Which type of muscle is this?

  Cardiac

  
• Which type of muscle is this?

  Cardiac

  
• Which type of muscle is this?

  Skeletal

  
• Which type of muscle is this?

  Smooth

  
• Blood Vessels: These are tubes for the passage way of blood.
• Artery: Carried blood away from the heart.