2.2- social changes and family structure

• what does cables stand for?

  careers, attitudes, benefits, law, expectations and secularisation
• what did the rapports find were the five elements of family diversity?

  cultural, life course, organisational, generational and social class
• what is cultural diversity, rapports?

  families differ in cultural values and beliefs, could also affect attitude towards education and work
• what is life course, rapports?

  stage in family-cycle effects knowledge and concerns. e.g families with younger children have the same issues to deal with
• what is organisational, rapports?

  structure, domestic divisions of labour and social networks like links to other families e.g dual-worker families, both partners working towards career
• what is generational, rapports?

  different views towards family at different generations e.g stigma attached to divorce has increased in this generation
• what is social class, rapports?

  social class position affects the resources given. e.g richer people in china can pay fines to have more children
• why are divorce rates increasing, careers?

  more women have entered the workforce and no longer have to rely on men financially.

  sue sharpe found that women now prioritise having career over marriage
• why are divorce rates decreasing, law?

  before 1969 divorce was only allowed on strict grounds. divorce law reform act allows people to divorce easier
• why are divorce rates increasing, expectations?

  we are socialised into the idea of a perfect relationship by the media. giddens argues that couples expect intimacy and emotional satisfaction. if these needs aren't met, individuals leave and try again
• cohabitation and benefits

  couples can save for their wedding while living together.

  o'connell found that most weddings cost £21,000 on average
• singlehood and NHS family planning act

  contraception is more accessible. women aren't forced to live with men after falling pregnant
• singlehood and giddens

  individuals now have freedom to choose their own family structure
• family size and careers

  women prioritising careers, having children later and in a tighter time span
• LPF and benefits

  legal aid 1949 introduced help for people on low incomes, lone parents' lives have become easier
• LPF and attitudes

  giddens found that stigma has changed towards LPF
• LPF and law

  divorce law reform act 1969 allowed people top get divorced easier
• singlehood and secularisation

  gibson found that decrease in religious beliefs led to decrease in marriage and relationships
• family size and benefits

  NHS family planning act allowed contraception to be more accessible and so children have decreased in numbers
• family size and attitudes

  giddens showed that stigma has changed, people have freedom to choose their own family structure
• cohabitation and attitudes

  giddens found that people's attitudes have changed and they have freedom to structure their family
• cohabitation and chandler

  cohabitation is seen as an alternative to marriage
• marriage and careers

  sue sharpe states that women's priorities are changing so marriage is decreasing
• marriage and attitudes

  chandler found that cohabitation was seen as an alternative to marriage
• marriage and benefits

  o'connell found that weddings cost £21,000 on average