Breathing & respiratory system

• Respiration is an exothermic reaction it gives off heat
• By realising energy in all cells organism use it for

  •Heat

  •Movement

  •Growth
• Aerobic respiration is when oxygen from the air is needed for it to work
• Aerobic involves air & oxygen
• Aerobic equation

  glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy
• Anaerobic respiration involves no oxygen
• During hard exercise, not enough oxygen can reach your muscle cells therefore aerobic respiration is replaced with anaerobic respiration
• Anaerobic equation

  glucose —> lactic acid + little energy
• Lactic acid builds up in muscles causing pain and tiredness
• Heat which are unicellular fungi can carry out anaerobic process called fermanation
• Fermentation equation

  glucose —> alcohol + carbon dioxide + little energy
• • Glucose boiled to remove oxygen
  • Its filled so yeast are not killed
  • paraffin oil is added to stop oxygen from getting into solution
  • Lime water turns milky and hydrogen carbonate- turns yellow if carbon dioxide is present
  • Solution goes cloudy and warms up

  
• learn order of first 3

  
• • Alveoli have a very large surface are to enable diffusion (swapping) of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood
  • They are only one cell thick so that the diffusion distance is small
  • They have lots of blood on d capillaries to ensure a good blood supply to maintain conventraction gradients of oxygen and carbon dioxide
  • They have moist surfaces for gases to dissolve in to form a solution to pass through the cell membrane
• 1. Fit Person has a lower heart rate compared to unfit
  2. Unfit persons heart has increased further than fit
  3. Fit person goes back to normal quick compared to unfit

  
• 1. Wax cuticle
  2. Upper epidermis
  3. Palisade mesophyll
  4. spongy mesophyll
  5. lower epidermis
  6. where gases enter and leave