executive branch of civics

• The executive branch of the Indian government is responsible for executing and implementing laws and policies
• It is a crucial component of the democratic governance structure in the country
• The Union Executive authorises powers to the government to implement laws
• The union executive of India consists of 3 members to set laws and govern the administrative work within the parliament
• The executive branch, at both national and state levels, plays a pivotal role in the governance of India
• It is a complex system involving elected and appointed officials, each with specific responsibilities in the administration, formulation, and execution of policies
• Seamless coordination between these components is essential for the effective functioning of the Indian government
• The principal functions of the executive branch include:

  • Acting as the operational team to ensure smooth government functioning at national and state levels
  • Comprising two main groups: Political Executive and Permanent Executive
• Political Executive:

  • Decision-makers like the President, Prime Minister, and other ministers
  • Elected or appointed to make important decisions and set government policies
• Permanent Executive:

  • Civil servants or administrative machinery responsible for day-to-day tasks
  • Ensure the plans and rules set by political leaders are implemented smoothly
• The executive branch implements laws and policies decided by the government
• They ensure that the plans approved by decision-makers are carried out
• Policy framing involves making rules and plans by the political executive, led by the Prime Minister and ministers
• The political executive decides on what the government should do and creates policies
• The executive branch consists of two main groups: the decision-makers (political executive) and the doers (permanent executive)
• Their job is to make and carry out plans and rules to keep the government running smoothly
• Teamwork between the decision-makers and the doers is crucial for the effective functioning of the Indian government
• The President is the head of state and the Union Executive who exercises executive powers under the supervision and direction of the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers
• The President has nominal powers as the Constitution Head
• All executive powers are implemented in the name of the President
• The President is the highest authority in the executive branch
• The President is elected by the Electoral College, which includes both houses of Parliament and state legislatures
• Functions of the President include approving bills, appointing the Prime Minister, and representing India in diplomatic matters
• The Electoral College consists of elected members of both houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of States and Union territories
• The winning candidate in the Electoral College must secure more than 50% of the total votes to be declared the winner
• The President appoints the leader of the majority party as Prime Minister, Union Ministers/Council of Ministers, Governors of the states, judges of the Supreme and High Courts (after consulting the Chief Justice), and the Attorney General of India
• The President has the authority to summon and postpone sessions of both houses of Parliament
• The President can dissolve the Lok Sabha
• The President has the power to give assent to bills passed by Parliament, and without his assent, a bill cannot become law
• The Vice President of India is the second highest constitutional office in the country
• The Vice President is elected for a term of 5 years
• The Vice President is elected by an electoral college consisting of members of both houses of Parliament
• The Vice President is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha
• In the absence of the President, the Vice President can perform some of the President's functions
• The Vice President performs the duties of the President in their absence due to death, resignation, impeachment, or other situations
• The Vice President is the ex-officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha
• The Vice President presides over the Rajya Sabha, maintaining order and ensuring parliamentary rules and procedures are followed
• In case of a tie within the Rajya Sabha, the Vice President can cast the deciding vote
• In the absence of the President, the Vice President presides over joint sessions between both Houses
• The Prime Minister is the head of the government and leader of the ruling party