Digestive system

• The small intestine is where most nutrient absorption occurs through villi and microvilli.
• The large intestine absorbs water and forms feces.
• The liver produces bile, which helps break down fats and stores glucose as glycogen.
• The pancreas secretes enzymes to digest carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
• Gastric acid from the stomach breaks down food into smaller particles.
• Bile emulsifies fatty acids so they can be digested.
• Pepsin breaks peptide bonds between amino acids in proteins.
• Enzymes produced by the salivary glands begin breaking down starch.
• Bile from the gallbladder emulsifies fatty acids.
• Enzymes produced by the salivary glands begin breaking down starch and protein.
• Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down triglycerides into monoglycerides and free fatty acids.