KB7: Expansion in Africa

• Give three reasons why the British wanted to colonise Africa:

  • Slave Trade
  • Trade with India
  • Missionary work
• What was meant by the term Manifest Destiny?

  It was the White people's duty to rule other areas
• Give two examples of resources that the British wanted to gain in Africa?

  • Palm Oil
  • Ivory
• What major raw material did Britain export from West Africa?

  Palm oil
• Give two uses of Palm Oil that made it so valuable?

  • Soap
  • Candles
• Whose lands in East Africa did the British take over in order to farm for themselves?

  Kiyuku
• What were the two main aims of Christian missionaries in West Africa?

  • Spread Christianity
  • Remove slavery
• What was the base for missionary work in West Africa?

  Sierra Leone
• What was 'special' about the founding of Sierra Leone?

  It was a colony of free slaves
• What practice did Mary Slessor try to stamp out in southern Nigeria?

  Infanticide
• In what year was the Berlin Conferance?

  1884
• What was agreed at the Berlin Conferance?

  The division of Africa among European powers.
• What name was given to the European colonisation of Africa after 1884?

  Scramble for Africa
• Why was control over the Suez Canal so important to Britain?

  Trade and imperial interests.
• Why did the Khedive of Egypt decide to sell shares in the Suez Canal?

  Financial difficulties.
• Which British Prime Minister organised the purchase of the Suez Canal shares?

  Benjamin Disraeli
• In what year did Britain purchase the Suez Canal shares?

  1875
• Why did Britain exercise more control over Egypt after 1875?

  To have power over the Suez Canal
• What was the purpose of building the Uganda Railway?

  To increase trade across Africa
• From where did Britain bring the migrant workforce for the Uganda Railway?

  India
• How many Indians migrated to East Africa to work on the Uganda Railway?

  32000
• How many Indians decided to remain in East Africa after the Ugandan Railway was completed?

  7000
• Why did the Boers in South Africa migrate to set up their own, independant republics?

  They wanted to undertake slavery
• How did Cecil Rhodes become one of the wealthiest men in the Empire?

  Investment in diamond mining
• What was Rhodes' main aim for the British Empire in Africa?

  To expand British influence and control in Africa.
• What laws did Rhodes put in place that disadvantaged black South Africans?

  Their right to land and to vote was removed
• Which land did Rhodes take over by force in 1893-4?

  Matabeleland
• To what name was Matebeleland change in 1895?

  Rhodesia
• What did Rhodes want to build in order to extend British power in Africa?

  Cape to Cairo railway
• What was the Jameson Raid organised?

  To overthrow the South African Republic government.
• Give two examples of how the British tried to defeat the Boers in the Boer War:

  • Beseiging of towns
  • Capturing Pretoria
• Why did the Boer War convince some people in Britain that the Empire was not a 'force for good'?

  Humiliation and atrocities