Orem theory of nursing

• Theory is the foundation of science, providing an explanation or understanding of phenomena.
• Burnout is a common problem among nurses, characterized by feelings of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a decreased sense of personal accomplishment
• Factors contributing to burnout in nurses include:

  • Heavy workloads
  • Long hours
  • Lack of support from colleagues and supervisors
  • Exposure to traumatic events
  • Higher rates of job dissatisfaction
  • Turnover intention
  • Decreased quality of patient care
  • Increased absenteeism
  • Decreased productivity
  • Higher rates of medical errors
• Different methods to address and prevent burnout among nurses include:

  • Providing resources for stress management
  • Workload management
  • Support systems for nurses
  • Encouraging self-care practices
  • Promoting work-life balance
  • Implementing strategies for coping with stress
• Addressing nurse burnout requires a comprehensive approach involving both organizational and individual strategies
• Nursing Practice Gap Between Standards and Protocols:

  • High Workload and Staffing Issues
  • Lack of Adequate Resources and Support
  • Emotional Exhaustions and Compassion Fatigue
  • Organizational Culture
• Nursing Standards to address burnout include:

  • Staffing Ratios
  • Mental Health and Wellness Programs
  • Training on Stress Management and Resilience
  • Recognition and Appreciation
  • Work-Life Balance
  • Continuous Professional Development
• Dorothea E. Orem (1914–2007) was the nursing theorist and author of the Self-care Deficit Nursing Theory
• Key Concepts of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory:

  • Self-care serves as a vital regulatory mechanism inherent to human beings
  • Self-care includes activities like personal hygiene, nutrition, rest, and other activities for maintaining well-being
  • Self-care agency is influenced by basic conditioning factors
  • Self-care requisites are actions needed to facilitate self-care, presented in universal, developmental, and health-deviation categories
  • Therapeutic self-care demands are based on health situation, stage of development, and environment
• Theory of Self-Care Deficit:

  • Emphasizes the need for nursing care for individuals facing limitations in self-care due to health conditions
  • Methods of helping include acting for others, guiding, supporting, providing a promoting environment, and teaching
  • Nursing agency involves assessing patients' self-care abilities and deficits, empowering patients, and fostering independence
• Theory of Nursing System:

  • All nursing systems created by nurses for individuals requiring nursing assistance
  • Includes wholly compensatory, partial compensatory, and supportive-educative systems
  • Correlates individuals, self-care ability, and nursing role in assisting patients for optimal health and wellness
• Major assumptions of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory:

  • Individuals possess the ability and responsibility to care for their own health and well-being
  • Individuals can learn and develop skills for self-care activities
  • Individuals have the desire and motivation to engage in self-care
• Using Orem's Nursing Theory to address nurse burnout:

  • Assessment of Nurse Self-Care Deficits
  • Identifying and Prioritizing Self-Care Needs