2. Labour flows

• Labour:

  • Money moves down wires and has no ties to family
  • doesn't get stopped due to lack of visa and poses no risk to the recipient such as crime or spread of disease
  • international migration has increased with improvements in transport and awareness of opps
  • most migrations still within regions e.g. Middle East
• Global flows of labour > migration:

  • econ migrants > ppl who moved voluntarily for work or increase QOL
  • refugees > forced to leave due to conflict, political or religious persecution
  • asylum seekers > left and looking for asylum, waiting to become refugees
• International labour flows:

  • between countries > 3-4% of worlds pop are inter migrants
  • 14% of HICS pops are inter migrants and only 1.6% of LICs
• Labour flows within continents:

  • Asia > 60 mill ppl moved to diff part of Asia > largest flow in the world
  • Europe > 40 mill, Germany lowest
  • Africa > 20 mill
• Labour flows between continents:

  • Latin America and Carribean to NA > 26 mill in 2017 > largest
  • Asia to Europe > 20 mill
  • Asia to N America > 17 mill
• Highly skilled workers:

  • science
  • medicine
  • higher wages in HICs for same job
  • ICT
  • NHS > only 63% of all UK docs are trained here and many are from India and Pakistan
• Unskilled workers:

  • don't require qualification or training
  • lower econ value
  • better wages here and high unemployment in their countries > overpopulation and exploitation