Science

• Homeostasis


  Maintaining a stable internal environment around a set point.
• Negative feedback:

  • The body's response causes a change in the opposite direction
• Positive feedback:

  • The body's response causes a change in the same direction
• Dynamic equilibrium:

  • A variable fluctuates (changes) around a setpoint (optimal value) as homeostasis is maintained
• Body systems must work together to maintain homeostasis
• Negative feedback:

  • The body's response causes a change in the opposite direction
• Positive feedback:

  • The body's response causes a change in the same direction
• Dynamic equilibrium:

  • A variable fluctuates (changes) around a setpoint (optimal value) as homeostasis is maintained
• Body systems must work together to maintain homeostasis
• Secreting cell:

  • Makes and releases a hormone
• Hormone:

  • Protein released from a secreting cell that acts as a chemical messenger
• Blood vessel:

  • Tube transporting blood that contains hormones
• Target cell:

  • Cell that has a receptor on its surface to bind with a hormone
• Receptor site:

  • Protein on the surface of a target cell with a specific shape
• Endocrine system

  
• Respiratory system


  Exchange of gases between environment and body tissue—diffusion of gases
• Endocrine


  Controls and regulates other body systems with hormones
• Integumentary system


  -Protects from injury and pathogen(bacteria)

  -Regulates body temperature

  -Makes vitamin D
• skeletal/muscular


  -support and movement

  -protection of organs

  -stores minerals

  -produces red blood cells
• Nervous system


  Controls and regulates other body systems with nerves

  -brain

  -spinal cord
• Excretory system


  -remove waste

  -maintain water and salt balance

  -regulates, blood pressure and pH

  -Kidneys

  -ureters

  -bladder

  -urethra
• Digestive system


  -Break down food into nutrients

  -absorption of nutrients and water

  -diffusion of nutrients and water

  -Large intestine

  -Small intestine

  -Esophagus

  -Stomach
• Circulatory system


  -Transports nutrients(oxygen and glucose)and wastes(CO2 + Lactic acid)

  -diffusion of gases

  -heart

  -blood vessels

  -capillaries