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SC17 - Periodic Table Groups
- Group 1 : Alkali Metals -
Chemical Properties-
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All group
1
elements have
one
electron in their
outer
shell, leading to similar
chemical
properties
Alkali
metals react with
water
to produce a metal
hydroxide
and
hydrogen
Example reaction with
sodium
:
Sodium
+
water
→
sodium hydroxide
+
hydrogen
2Na
(s) +
2H2O
(l) →
2NaOH
(aq) +
H2
(g)
Sodium hydroxide is an
alkali
and a
base
that
dissolves
in
water
to form an
alkaline
solution
The alkaline solution:
Has a
pH greater
than
7
Turns universal
indicator
solution
blue
or
purple
Hydrogen
gas is produced during the reaction
With very
reactive
metals like
potassium
, the
energy
of the
reaction
causes the
hydrogen
to
burn
as the
reaction
occurs
Example -
Rubidium is placed below potassium in group 1. Predict what is seen when rubidium is added to water.
Rubidium should
melt
very
quickly.
It should
burn
very
violently
, and
disappear
almost
instantly
with an
explosion.