unit 1: bio chem

• functional groups: hydroxyl OH
• functional groups: carboxyl CO2H
• functional groups: amino NH2
• functional groups: sulfhydryl SH
• functional groups: phosphate PO4
• functional groups: carbonyl COH
• Hydroxyl functional group is polar and soluble
• carboxyl functional group is polar, soluble and acidic
• amino functional group is polar and basic
• macromolecules: large molecules that are made up of many smaller molecules
• 4 classes of macros: complex carbs, lipids, protein, nucleic acid
• Anabolic reactions: synthesis reaction releases a h2o (dehydration)
• catabolic reactions: breakdown reaction uses up a h2o (hydrolysis)
• adhesion water molecule: hydrogen bonds between water molecules and other molecules
• cohesion water molecule: hydrogen bonds between water molecules
• all biological molecules contain elements CHO
• Neutralization reactions: acid + base -> h2o + salt