Tourm1115

• International Relations Impact of Tourism:

  • Tourism can serve as a diplomatic tool, fostering relationships between countries through cultural exchange, trade, and collaboration on tourism-related initiatives
  • Positive tourism experiences can enhance a country's image abroad and promote goodwill among nations
• Full-service restaurants provide seating space for guests and servers to serve food & beverages and clearance
• Hospitality


  The act of kindness in welcoming and looking after the basic needs of guests or strangers, mainly in relation to food, drink, and accommodation; The relationship process between a guest and a host; The reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers with liberality and goodwill
• Hospitality Products


  • Rooms
  • Foods
  • Amenities
  • Business centers
  • Conference/Function Halls
  • Souvenir
• Hotels provide accommodation to travelers for a short period of time
• Philip Kotler: '“A service is any activity or benefit that one party can offer to another that is essentially intangible and does not result in the ownership of anything. Its production may or may not be tied to a physical product”'
• Services are intangible economic products that involve human beings at both ends, as a provider and as the person who demands. They are perishable in nature because they can only be consumed at a particular time. They lack physical identity. No one can separate services and service providers
• Quick-service restaurants provide convenient, fast, and basic food which takes less time for cooking and serving and charges less money from guests
• Hospitality Services


  • Behavior
  • Courtesy
  • Quick Response
  • Service Style
  • Assistance
  • Online Facilities
  • Valet Service
  • Butler Service
• Types of Hotel Rooms

  • Single Room
  • Double Room
  • Deluxe Room
  • Double-Double (Twin Double) Room
  • Twin Room
  • Hollywood Twin Room
  • Duplex Room
  • Cabana
  • Lanai
  • Studio
  • Sico
• Stanton: '“Services are those separately identifiable, essentially intangible activities which provide want satisfaction, and not necessarily tied to the sale of the product or another service. To provide a service may or may not require the use of tangible goods. However, when such use is required, there is no transfer of title (permanent ownership) of these tangible goods”'
• Catering businesses provide food and service for a special event, feeding large numbers of people at one time
• Inseparability of services - guest's presence is essential to consume the hospitality product, quality depends on guest interaction with staff and other guests
• Interdependence of services - one decision leads to another in the hospitality industry, such as travel arrangements, accommodation, and attractions
• Characteristics of services

  • Seasonality
  • Intangibility
  • Perishability
  • Inseparability
  • Variability
  • Interdependence
  • High Fixed Costs
• Variability of services - influenced by human factors, high level of interaction between guests and staff leads to unique service performances
• Perishability of services - cannot be stored like products in warehouses, limited availability each day or night
• Services

  Intangible economic product involving human beings as both providers and consumers, perishable in nature, lack physical identity, cannot be owned, require full participation of the customer
• Hospitality industry has high fixed costs due to capital, labor, and energy intensity. Organizations face high property and employment costs, which remain constant regardless of customer footfall. During low demand, high fixed costs affect profitability.
• Interdependence


  One trip finalization is followed by many purchase decisions like travel arrangements, accommodation, attractions, and availability of facilities at a destination. These decisions are interdependent as one leads to another. For example, a person decides where to go on a trip, then where to stay, what to eat, recreational facilities available, budget considerations, etc. Hotel sales are directly affected by the tourist's choice of other tourism products.
• Product


  A cluster of psychological satisfaction
• Tangible Attributes of a Product

  Physical form with specific features and functions, e.g., room, food, TV, clothes
• Destination marketing organizations working together with local government and tourism authorities

  Promotes demand for tourism in a specific area, which in turn increases demand for hospitality products
• Hotel Facilities

  • Spa
  • Swimming pool/Jacuzzi
  • Gym or fitness center
  • Toiletries
  • Free breakfast
  • Free WiFi internet access
  • Free parking
• Augmented products in Food and Beverage

  • Speed in food and beverage service
  • Ordering convenience
  • Courtesy
  • Variation in portions
  • Guest Advice on wines
• Guest Satisfaction


  The product should be capable of satisfying the needs and requirements of buyers, both real and psychological
• Brand Name


  Branding plays an important role in hospitality products, e.g., Hilton Hotels and Resorts, Marriott, InterContinental Hotel Group (IHG), Wyndham, etc.
• Product


  A bundle of physical services and symbolic particulars expected to yield satisfaction or benefits to the buyer
• Satisfaction Of Business Needs

  Product creates satisfaction for guests and business organizations by fulfilling their needs
• Intangible Attribute of a Product

  Includes services like transportation, insurance, storage, recreation, etc.
• Life Cycle of a Product

  Includes stages like introduction, growth, maturity, saturation, and decline
• Augmented products in Accommodation

  • Reservation system convenience
  • Room service
  • Housekeeping standards
  • Advanced Reservation
  • Information service