Personality Theories

• Psychodynamic Theories

  theories that assume unconscious forces determine behavior and influence personality.
• Psychoanalytic Theory 


  divides the mind into the id, superego, and the ego.
• The Behavior Approach

  focus on the central role of learning in the behavioral role of learning in the development of personality and rejects the unconscious determinants of behavior and values what can be observed.
• social learning theory

  explains personality as a system of habits that develop through the acquisition of long term behavioral patterns
• Environmental determinism


  all behavior is caused by outside undetermined forces, and thus free will is an illusion - coined by B.F. Skinner
• cognitive theory of personality 


  George Kelly assumed that people have knowledge about the world, objects, what is going to happen in response to events and proposed the fundamental postulate
• Personal construct theory


  personality is the complication of all the mental constructs they have when cognitively processing the world around them and the behavior they exhibit based on those constructs.
• Albert Bandura


  proposed three factors, person, environment, and behavior, interact to determine peoples aspects of behavior and thus personality.
• cognitive-affective processing system (CAPS)

  says that understanding personality involves understanding how people use cognitive and affective processes to alter their behavior depending on the situation: encoding strategies, competencies, beliefs and expectations, goals and values, and affective responses.
• Cultural/ Indigenous Approach


  focuses on studying the unique aspects of a culture without reference to another culture.
• Cross- Cultural Approach: Etic


  cuses on understanding human behavior and thought in diverse cultural settings for the purpose of finding universal aspects across all cultures
• Cultural Relativism


  the principle that a peoples custom, beliefs, and attitudes should be viewed from a neutral, unbiased perspective and that there are no universal
• anthropology


  the study of human societies and cultures