Formula of average speed~ average speed=total distance travel/total time taken
Formula of accelaration~ a=v-u/t
Formula of gravitional field strenght~ w=mg
Formula of density~p=mv
Formula of force~F=ma
Formula of spring constant~K=fx
Formula of moment~ Forcexperpendicular distance from the pivot (90 degree)
Formula of momentum~p=mv
formula of impulse~force x time
Formula of resultant force~change in momentum/time taken
Formula of kinetic energy~Ek=1/2mv2
Formula of change in gravitional potential energy~Ep=mgh
Formula of work done~w=fd
Formula of efficiency~(useful energy input)/(total energy input) x100%
Formula of 2nd efficiency~(useful energy output)/(total energy input) x 100%
Formula of power~p=wt
formula of 2nd power~p=Et
Scalar-only has magnitude
Vector- both magnitude and directions
Velocity = change in displacement/time taken
Acceleration is change in velocity in time
Q(Charge)= It
I- Current t- Time Q/C- charge
V= F(lamda- λ)
V= wavespeed (m/s) F= Frequency (Hz) λ= Wavelenght (m)
Pressure- Force per unit
Pressure (pa)-N/M2
presurre are divided into 3- Solid, liquid, Gas
Pressure: P= F/AF- force A- area(m2)
Newton 1st law- Inertia and mass
Newton 2nd law- F=ma
Newton 3rd law- Every action has an equal but opposite reaction
Magnet will repel if its like poles
why iron stick to the magnet? = Cause iron will be induced and iron is a magnetic material
Types of charge
There are two types of charges: positive and negative. Like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract each other.
Coulomb's Law
States that the force between two charges is proportional to the product of their magnitudes and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Newton's Laws of Motion
Three laws that describe the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration:
• Law 1: Inertia
• Law 2: Force and acceleration
• Law 3: Action and reaction
Induced Magnetization
The phenomenon where a material develops its own magnetic field and becomes magnetized when exposed to a magnetic field.
Alpha Radiation
Consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, identical to helium nucleus. Has a charge of +2 and a mass of 4u. Can be stopped by paper or a few cm of air.