Radiology Chapter 3

• Radiation


  A form of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles
• Radiograph


  A two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional object
• Radiograph, dental


  A photographic image produced on film by the passage of x-rays through teeth and related structures
• Radiographer, dental


  Any person who positions, exposes, and processes x-ray image receptors
• Radiography


  The production of radiographs by the exposure of image receptors
• Radiography, dental


  The production of radiographs of the teeth and adjacent structures by the exposure of image receptors to x-rays
• Radiology


  The science or study of radiation as used in medicine
• X-radiation


  A high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal target in an x-ray tube
• X-ray


  A beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on photographic film
• Walkhoff


  First exposed dental radiograph
• Roentgen


  First discovered x-rays
• Kells


  First dental radiograph in United States on living patient
• Morton


  First dental radiograph in United States on skull
• Rollins


  First paper on the dangers of x-radiation
• Price


  First bisecting technique
• Raper


  First dental text & first bite-wing technique
• Kodak


  First prewrapped dental films
• Coolidge


  First x-ray tube
• Fitzgerald


  First introduction of long-cone paralleling technique
• McCormack


  First use of paralleling technique in practical dental radiography
• Coolidge


  Developed the first x-ray tube
• Fitzgerald


  Introduced the long-cone parallel technique
• Kells


  Exposed first dental radiograph in the United States ( living patient)
• McCormack


  Used paralleling technique in practical dental radiography
• Morton


  Exposed first dental radiograph in United States (skull)
• Price


  Introduced bisecting technique
• Raper


  Wrote first dental text; introduced bite-wing technique
• Roentgen


  Discovered x-Rays
• Rollins


  Wrote first paper on the danger of x-radiation
• Walkhoff


  Exposed first dental radiograph
• Arrange the following in order of discovery:

  1. Introduction of F-speed film

  2. Introduction of D-speed film

  3. Introduction of panoramic radiography

  4. Cone-beam scanners available in the United States

  5. Introduction of intramural digital imaging

  6. Introduction of cone-beam computed tomography

  Introduction of panoramic radiography

  Introduction of D-speed film

  Introduction of intramural digital imaging

  Introduction of cone-beam computed tomography

  Introduction of F-speed film

  Cone-beam scanners available in the United States
• Which electrons have the greatest binding energy?

  A) N-shell

  B) M-shell

  C) L-shell

  D) K-shell

  D) K-shellSee an expert-written answer!We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
• What type of electrical charge does the electron carry?

  A) positive

  B) negative

  C) no charge

  D) positive or negative

  B) negative
• Which term describes two or more atoms that are joined by chemical bonds?

  A) ion

  B) ion pair

  C) molecule

  D) proton

  C) molecule
• What statement describes ionization?

  A) atom without a nucleus

  B) atom that loses an electron

  C) atom with equal numbers of protons and electrons

  D) none of the above

  B) atom that loses an electron
• Which term describes the process by which unstable atoms undergo spontaneous disintegration in an effort to attain a more balanced nuclear state?

  A) radiation

  B) radioactivity

  C) ionization

  D) ionizing radiation

  B) radioactivity
• Which is not a type of particulate radiation?

  A) alpha particles

  B) beta particles

  C) protons

  D) nucleons

  D) nucleons
• Which is not a type of electromagnetic radiation?

  A) electrons

  B) radar waves

  C) microwaves

  D) x-rays

  A) electrons
• What statement is incorrect?

  A) Velocity is the speed of a wave

  B) Wavelength is the distance between waves

  C) Frequency is the number of wavelengths that pass a given point in a certain amount of time

  D) Frequency and wavelength are inversely related

  B) Wavelength is the distance between waves
• What statement is incorrect?

  A) X-rays travel at the speed of sound

  B) X-rays have no charge

  C) X-rays cannot be focused to a point

  D) X-rays cause ionization

  A) X-rays travel at the speed of sound