CONTEMPORARY ARTS

• Art before Colonization:

  
  

  Everyday expressions integrated within rituals

  • Mayvanuvanua in Batanes: ritual opening the fishing season of dibang (flying fish)
  • Cañao or Kanyaw in Cordillera Administrative Region: officiated by a shaman, involves animal sacrifice and divination
  • Kashawing in Lake Lanao of Mindanao: ritual for abundance during rice planting and harvesting
  • Tagbanwa in Palawan: shamans go into a trance amidst ritual chanting and dancing

  ETHNIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

  • Kudyapi: a three-stringed guitar
  • Kulintang: an array of bossed gongs
  • Gansa: flat gong
  • Agong- a large bossed gong
• • Bulul in Cordillera: granary god in rituals
  • Hagabi in Ifugao: wooden bench marking socio-economic status
  • Textiles:
  • Pis syabit: headpiece woven by Tausug of Sulu
  • Malong: tapestry panels woven by Maranao of Lanao Del Sur
  • Weaving:
  • Tepo Mat: colorful double-layered mat of Sama of Tawi-Tawi
  • Ovaloid Baskets: made of nito and bamboo for carrying harvest
  • Bubo: fish traps made of bamboo strips in Ilocos region
  • Tattoos: practiced by Visayas and other ethnolinguistic groups like Kalinga, Kankanay, Ibaloy, and Ifugao
• Native dance forms:

  • Pangalay in Sulu: mimetic dance of seabirds
  • Kinabua of Mandaya: swooping movements imitating eagle
  • Banog-banog of Higaonon and B'laan: courtship dance portraying bird flight
  • Man manok in Bago Tribe: dance dramatizing roosters competing for attention
  • Talip in Ifugaos: courtship dance mimetic of wild fowls
  • Inamong of Matigsalugs and Kadaliwas in T’boli: represent comedic movements of monkey
  • Tinikling in Tagalog: evocative of crane movements balancing on stilt-like legs
• • Jewelry: T'boli known for wearing brass chains, bells, and colorful beads
  • Functional Containers: textured designs of rhombuses, spirals, circles, and tendrils
  • Brass Kendi and Gadur: used in ceremonies as status symbols or heirlooms
• Islamic Colonial (13th Century to the Present):

  • Islam well entrenched in Southern Philippines
  • Sayyid Abubakar of Arabia married Princess Piramisuli, daughter of Rajah Baguinda, established Sultanate of Sulu
  • Quran and Madrasa in Tausug, Maranao, Maguindanao, Yakan, Samal, Badjao, and some areas in Palawan
  • Influence of Islam on art:
  • Notion of Tawhid or Unity with God emphasizing impermanence of nature and greatness of divine Being
  • Interior of mosques with elaborate patterning in reliefs
  • Abstract forms and patterns
  • Mosque parts oriented towards the west
• • Bulbous Dome symbolizing spirit and material world
  • Courtyard or Ka'bah as black shrine built by Prophet Muhammad
  • Water supply area for ablution
  • Islamic forms inclined to project, grow, or have upward orientation
  • Panolong: elaborately carved protusion attached to torogan
  • Luhul: canopy inspired by the tree of life
  • Burraq: horse with the head of a woman