Introduction of DRRR WK1

• A disaster is a sudden, catastrophic event that causes significant disruption, damage, and distress, often resulting in a wide range of negative impacts on people, property, and the environment
• Disasters can be natural or man-made
• Disasters can be categorized based on various factors, including their scale, frequency, and onset speed
• Small-scale disasters affect local communities and require external assistance (e.g. Landslide, rock fall)
• Large-scale disasters require national or international assistance (e.g. Mt. Pinatubo eruption)
• Frequent or infrequent disasters occur frequently and have a cumulative effect on the community (e.g. typhoons, floods)
• Slow-onset disasters emerge gradually over time (e.g. drought, sea-level rise, epidemic disease)
• Disaster risk is defined as "the potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets which could occur to a system, society, or a community in a specific period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, and capacity"
• Natural hazards have an element of human involvement, while natural phenomena do not affect human beings
• Geophysical hazards originate from the solid crust of the Earth and include earthquakes, volcanic activity, and dry mass movement
• Climatological hazards are linked with variability in climate over a broad time-span
• Meteorological hazards are atmospheric conditions that can be exacerbated by global climate change
• Hydrological hazards are associated with the occurrence, movement, and distribution of fresh and saltwater over or beneath the Earth's surface
• Biological hazards originate from a biological substance, exposure to which poses a threat to other living beings or humans
• Anthropogenic hazards are induced entirely or predominantly by human activities and choices