Kroll - Stages of writing development 1981

• Preparatory stage 0-6


  Children developing fine motor skills

  Practicing holding pen/pencil

  Starting to get to grips with basic spelling principles
• Consolidation stage 7-8


  Children writing as they speak

  Usually short declarative sentences using conjunctions

  Tend to use conjunctions 'and' and 'but'

  Sentences often incomplete
• Integration stage mid teens


  Children developing personal style

  Can alter their writing according to audience and purpose
• Differentiation stage 9-10


  Children beginning to differentiate between speech and writing.

  Different styles of writing are understood

  Still number of errors

  Writing guides may be provided

  Writing may reflect thoughts and feelings
• Order of stages:

  Preparatory 0-6

  Consolidation 7-8

  Differentiation 9-10

  Integration mid teens