Unit 4.3

• Human activities that impact tropical rainforest are: Deforestation; increasing temperatures, drier climates, affecting soils, leading to fragmentation.
• Human activities that impact tropical rainforest are: The collection of fuel wood and timber can cause deforestation, leading to the loss of biodiversity and habitats.
• Human activities that impact tropical rainforest are: Mineral extraction can lead to deforestation and mineral solution.
• Human activities that impact tropical rainforest are: hydroelectric and reservoir projects; as they can cause deforestation since they need large areas of land to be cleared, and habitat fragmentation.
• Human activities that impact tropical rainforest are: climate change, since rising temperatures can disrupt the balance of rainforest.
• Human activities that impact tropical rainforest are: exploitation of individual species can lead to habitat destruction as it can disrupt ecosystem functions, such as nutrient cycling and water regulation.
• The causes of deforestation are growing population, as they demand more food more nutrients. Economic need to develop (palm oil, wood and wood products) and government transmigration policy. The effects are loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, flooding and landslides.
• Strategy for managing the impacts of human activity on tropical rainforest. Legislation and international agreement; governments can enact laws and regulations to protect tropical rainforest and mitigate human impacts, this legislation can facilitate coordination among countries
• Strategy for managing the impacts of human activity on tropical rainforest. Sustainable harvesting aims to balance the economic benefits of resource extraction with the conservation of forest ecosystems. It can support long-term economic benefits and livelihoods for local communities.
• Strategy for managing the impacts of human activity on tropical rainforest. Debt-for-Nature Swaps, the exchange of a portion of a country's external debt for commitments to conserve and protect natural resources, including tropical rainforests, they provide a mechanism for mobilizing financial resources for conservation while addressing the debt burdens of developing countries.
• Strategy for managing the impacts of human activity on tropical rainforest. Creation of Protected areas, such as national parks, wildlife reserves, and indigenous territories, are established to conserve biodiversity, protect ecosystems, and regulate human activities within designated areas. Protected areas provide legal protection for forest ecosystems and biodiversity, preserving critical habitats and ecosystem services.
• Climate change is the long term shifts in temperature and weather, It impacts Antartica by the loss of ice, loss of habitat, and loss of biodiversity.
• Ozone depletion is the gradual thinning of the earth's ozone layer due to the release of chemical compounds into the atmosphere. On Antarctica it impact chloroplast, which is the site of photosynthesis, reducing photosynthesis rate, reducing productivity and affecting all tropic levels.
• Tourism is the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment. On Antartica, It can cause direct pollution.
• The Antarctic Treaty aimed at regulating human activity and promoting peaceful cooperation in Antarctica to be used exclusively for peaceful purposes, It prohibits military activity, except in support of science.
• By establishing protected areas, Antarctica can be safeguarded from human activity, ensuring the long-term conservation of its unique biodiversity and ecological values.
• Fisheries regulations are rules and measures implemented by governments and international organizations to manage and control fishing activities in order to ensure the sustainability of fish stocks and marine ecosystems