Save
Paper 1 history
Germany
Germany and the growth of democracy
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Learn
Created by
ziyi guan
Visit profile
Cards (43)
what is militarism and how did prussia show it
beleif that a country should have
strong armed forces
prussia had a
mighty army
that was well equipped witht he
most advanced weaponary
when was germany unified and how did prussia play a role
unified in
1871
, the kaiser ruled over
all the states
in germany
prussian
generals, army officers and tactics
formed basis of new unifed
german army
the kaiser was the army
supreme commander
the parliamentary government
chanellor-->
chief minister
that advised
kaiser
bundesrat-->made up of
representatives
from
each state
reichstag-->elected by
all men
over age of
25
, they
discussed and voted
on laws
kaiser
and his
advisers
drew up
what was kaisers problem with the parliamentary government
tended to not
listen
and
ignored their advice
made all
decisions
he wanted
on his own
related to the army, navy and foreign countries
who is wilhelm and when did he become kaiser
29
year old,
grandson
of britian
queen victoria
, cousin of future king
george v
became kaiser in 1888
why was his dream of making germany like britian
britian was world's most
powerful
country ;
largest
empire, dominated
world trade
,
navy
twice the size of
2 closest rivals
added together
industrialisation of germany and acheivements
began to
build up
german
industry
he was supported by
powerful german businessman
by
1913
, producing more
iron
and
steel
than britian and same amount of
coal
areas of
industries
such as
electical goods
and
chemicals
, german companies
dominated
britian
kaiser wilhem
very
energetic
with strong
outgoing personality
could be
charming
and
kind
quite
impatient
and
rude
would
sack ministers
if didnt live up to his
standards
keen to maintain a
powerful army
nd build
large navy
most of
youth
in army
took interest in
military tactics
great
pride
in
leading army
positives of industrialisation
success made many
landowners
,
business
and
factory owners rich
nole
army officers
had
influene
over
kaiser
and wanted to
preserve
their
posistions
negatives of industrialisation
many
workers
in
new factories
,
mines
and
workshops
were
unhappy
wages
were
low
,
bad
working condition
food was
expensive
response of unhappy workers
more working class joined
trade unions
organised
strikes
hope that may force
kaiser
, his
advisers
and
politicians
in
reichstag
to
improve conditions
what did workers begin to vote for
social democratic party
(SPD)
socialism-->idea
power
and
wealth
should be
shared equaly
among the
people
what did the social democratics beleive and hope
kaiser
may
share
some of his
power
allow
reichstag
to make more
social reforms
and lows to
imporve
workers
rights
and
working conditions
disagreed with
power
and
privelged posistion
held by
land
and
factory owners
why was rise of SPD a problem
1 in 3 germans voted for them
a potential
major
problem for the
government
some took more
extremist
view such as
rebel
agianst
kaiser
start
revolution
,
take over country
cities
and
towns
to be
governed
by
council
of
workers
what is weltpolitik


world policy
kaiser wanted
an
extensive overseas
power like other
european superpowers
transform
germany into a
global
power
a place in the
sun
the naval laws
from 1898 to
1912
intended to
increase
germany
navy
and
army size
rapidly
rival
and wanted to
surpass britians
navy
protect
the
countried
in
german empire
taxes
rasied and
money
borrowed
led to germany being in
debt
at
490 billion
marks
reasons for joining WW1
very
popular
patriotic
germans thought it would
end quickly
what did WW1 soldiers experience
worn down by
bombing
machine gun fire
poisonous gases
naval blockade and effect
when
british
used
large navy
to prevent
supply ships
entering
germany
terrible
shortages
of
food
,
medicines
and
clothing
result of naval blockade
in
1915
,
500 women
gathered in front of the
german parliament buildings
demanded
their men
back from the
trenches
a
year
later,
10,000 workers
assembled in
berlin
to shout
' down
with
war
,
down
with the
government'
led to
police
moving in to make
arrests
and
calm situation
impact of war
by 1918, germany close to collapsing
german people surviving barely on
bread
and
tunips
, a
deadly flu epidemic sweeped
country,
killing
thousands already
weak
from
poor diet
wht did general ludendorff advise to kaiser
in
october 1918
he told politicians
germany
has no chance of
winning
advised kaiser
britian
,
french
and
americans
may treat then
better
if germany became more
democratic
kaiser should
share
more of his
power
with
german parliament
kaiser response to genera ludendorff
though
reluctant
allowed
main political parties
to form
new government
more
power
given to
reichstag
people response to kaiser's changes
didnt
accept
as chnages came
too late
to
satisfy
germans
more
demonstrations
held
against the war
some said
kaiser
shoud
give up
throne
some taked of
overthrowing
him in
revolution
mutiny and revolution
in 28 october 1918
german navy
order out to
sea
from
kiel
to
attak
british ships but
sailors
on ships
refused
to do so as no longer wanted to
fight
news of their
mutiny
began to
spread
in
ports
nearby other
sailors
refused to
folow orders
workers
in
town
supported them
soldiers
sent to
deal
with them
joined
with
workers
and sailors
took over
towns
and set up
special councils
to run them
result of the mutiny
in just
6
days,
workers, soldiers and sailors
were
governing
cities
al over germany like
hamburg
and
munich.
country in
chaos
little
kaiser could do
why kaiser abdicated
lost control of germany
army generals
no longer
supported
him
9 november 1918
he
abdicated
who was leader of SPD
friedrich ebert
result of abdication of kaiser
FE
as
leader
of
SPD
, took control of
germany
in
temporary
basis
promised
to hold
elections
soon
ge gave people what they
wanted
;
end
to the
war
11 november
1918,
armistice
signed, germany
surrendered
econmics impact on germany by 1918
owed
vast
amount of
money
that had
borrowed
to
fund
for the
war
lent some money to their
allies
factories
were
exhausted
by war; unable to
sell goods abroad
as making
guns
war
pensions
would cost
government
a
fortune
social impact on germany by 1918
war had left
600000
war
widows
and
2 million
children
fatherless
big gap between
workers
and
factory owners
:
factory owners
made a
fortune
during war as
workers
had
restrictions
on
wage
women
worked in
factories
, beleived it
damaged
traditional family values
politial impact on germany by 1918
before gemany was a stable rich nation
mutiny
and
revolution
all over germany
many
ex soldiers
and
civillians
felt could have
won
the
war
felt
betrayed
by the
november criminals
what did ebert oder when he became leader
improvements
to
working conditions
help for
unemployed
improed housing
more
food suplies
what did ebert guarantee
freedom
of
speech
freedom
of
religion
arranged
elections
for
new german parliament
what did ebert declare
germany was to be a
democratic republic
no kaisers
ordinary germans
chose
leaders
by
voting
ebert seen as leader who supported
equality
, allow
ordinary people
to
vote
and
voice in politics
if wished
who was the spartacists
commusit group
led by
rosa luxembourg
and
karl liebknetcht
wanted germany to be
run
by
small council
of
soldiers
and
workers
, not
parliament
spartacits revolton
6 january
1919, they tried to take over
berlin
thousands
of them
roamed streets
,
firing guns
, taking over important
buildings
ebert
repsonded violently
2000 freikorps
dealt with situation
3 days
of
brutal street fighting
freikorps managed to
recapture buildings
and
arrest
the
leader
leaders beat
savagely
and
murdered
birth of weimar republic
late
january 1919
,
eletion
held,
SPD
party won
newly
elected politicians
and
ebert
met in
weimar
on
11 feb 1919
to discuss hwo to run
country
weakness of weimar constituion
proportional representations
led to many
political parties
having seats in
reichstag
made
law making
very
slow
as hard to
decide
one party unable to gain
majority
1919-1933
, no party could hold more than
half votes
in
elections
disliked
new way
of
governing
some groups didnt like the new
democratic system
of
governng
those with
high roles
in society wished for the
'good old days'
with
kaiser
again
examples =
rich factory owners
,
old army generals
novembr criminals
linked to
surrender
of germany
didnt like they were changing
way of living
in germany
article 48
is where
laws
can be
passed
without the
reichstag's approval
by
order
of the
president
See all 43 cards