Social Learning Theory

• Who developed Social Learning Theory?

  Albert Bandura
• Which school of psychology preceded Social Learning Theory?

  Behaviourism
• What did Behaviorism believe caused all human behavior?

  Classical and operant conditioning
• Why was Behaviourism criticised?

  It struggled to explain behaviour without conditioning
• What is another name for Social Learning Theory?

  Observational learning
• Does Social Learning Theory include conditioning?

  No, it occurs without conditioning
• How does SLT relate to learning theory?

  It studies behaviour as a response to stimuli
• How does SLT expand on behaviourism?

  It takes into account cognitions
• What key question can SLT help explain?

  Anorexia
• In what decade did Bandura conduct his famous lab experiments?

  1960s
• What must happen before behaviour can be imitated?

  It must be modelled
• Who is likely to be a role model?

  Parent, friend or celebrity
• What does it mean for the observer to 'identify' with the role model?

  They are similar in appearance, gender, interests, etc
• What is required to successfully observe a behavior?

  Attention and retention
• What is needed to reproduce a behaviour?

  Capability
• What is needed to perform a behaviour?

  Motivation
• Is SLT purely social?

  No, there are also cognitive aspects
• Which memory model is related to attention and retention?

  Multi Store Model
• Which intergroup theory explains why we identify with some role models?

  Social Identity Theory
• What did Bandura rename his theory?

  Social Cognitive Theory
• What is crucial for someone to be a role model?

  Similarity to the observer
• Is the role model's similarity actual or perceived?

  Perceived
• What type of similarity seems particularly important?

  Gender
• Does status need to be real for a role model to have an effect?

  No, it is perceived status
• What is it called when a role model's behavior is rewarded?

  Vicarious reinforcement
• What does vicarious reinforcement result in?

  Modelling
• What happens when the observer imitates the behaviour?

  Modelling
• What happens when the observer repeats the behaviour a bit differently?

  Facilitation
• What is it called when someone is more likely to do something they thought was wrong?

  Disinhibition
• What is it called when someone is less likely to do something they thought was OK?

  Inhibition
• What studies support SLT?

  Bandura's "Bobo Doll" studies
• What did Bandura, Ross & Ross (1961) show?

  The importance of similar role models
• In the 1961 study, who were children more likely to imitate?

  Same-sex role model
• In the 1961 study, what type of aggression was shown?

  Imitative aggression
• In the 1961 study, what other type of aggression was shown?

  Non-imitative aggression
• What did Bandura (1965) show?

  The importance of vicarious reinforcement
• What happened when Rocky was punished in Bandura's study?

  Inhibition
• In Bandura (1965), what increased imitation even among the inhibited children?

  Rewards
• How can phobias be explained by SLT?

  If the phobia is modelled
• Why might girls imitate their mothers' phobias?

  They identify with them