CESTODES 1

• immature strobila is near the neck and no reproductive organs can be seen
• mature strobila is found in the middle and testes and ovary can be seen
• gravid strobila is the last portion where uterus with lateral branches with eggs can be seen
• rostellum is the button-like head where hooks protrude and in the apical portion of the scolex
• hooklets are for the attchment to the intestinal wall
• neck is the germinal part of the cestode
• cestodes are segmented flatworms or tapeworms
• cestodes are hermaphroditic which contains both male and female reproductive organ
• phylum platyhelminthes are collectively called flatworms
• phylum platyhelminthes are mostly hermaprhodites except schistosoma spp.
• microtriches are outward projections similar to microvilli that absorbs nutrients
• adult cestode worms are seen in intestine
• proglottids contains both female and male parts
• eggs have 6 hooked embryos
• cetodes have no respiratory, vascular and digestive system
• cestodes need intermediate host
• 3 basic portions of cestodes are scolex , neck and strobila
• broadfish tapeworm is the common name for diphyllobothrium latum
• pseudophyllideans have sucking grooves while cyclophyllideans have suckers
• pseudophyllideans have uterine pore with no branching
• cyclophyllideans have no uterine pore and is branching
• genital pore of cyclophyllideans are lateral
• genital pore of pseudophyllideans are ventral
• cyclophyllideans are apolytic which disperse eggs while pseudophyllideans anapolytic
• humans become definitive host of diphyllobothrium latum when they ingest raw fish
• 1st intermediate host of diphyllobothrium latum are crustaceans
• 2nd intermediate host of diphyllobothrium latum are small fishes
• crustaceans which is the 1st intermediate host of diphyllobothrium latum harbors coracidium
• small fishes which are the 2nd intermediate host of diphyllobothrium latum harbors procercoid larva
• infective stage of diphyllobothrium latum in human is the plerocercoid larva
• megaloblastic anemia is the pathology of diphyllobothrium latum
• treatment of diphyllobothrium latum is praziquantel
• spirometra spp definitive host are cats and dogs
• parathenic host of spirometra spp are humans if plerocercoid or procercoid larva is ingested