social studies

• In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected president - he was against slavery. 
• The southern states who wanted to continue slavery seceded from the union (left it) and formed the confederacy.
• Britain outlawed slavery in 1833
• The civil war broke out in 1861. It ended in 1865 when the union (northern states) won and slavery was abolished in all areas of the United States.
• The Union won the Civil War and the slaves were freed by Abraham Lincoln in the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863.
• Though the slaves were free, African-Americans were not equal citizens. Governments in the Southern States passed laws to keep the black people as second class citizens. These were known as Jim Crow Laws; they maintained a policy of segregation.
• • The US Constitution states that all US citizens must be treated equally under law. The Southern States justified segregation of Black and white citizens by claiming 

  that these facilities were 

  ‘separate but equal’, 

  therefore segregation was not

  unconstitutional.
• segregation: the action or state of setting someone or something apart from others.
• unconstitutional: not in accordance with the political constitution or with procedural rules.
• The Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1955-1956, was a crucial part of the Civil Rights Movement. After Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her bus seat, led by Martin Luther King Jr., African Americans boycotted buses for a year, leading to a Supreme Court decision against segregation—a pivotal moment in civil rights history.
• The Freedom Summer murders refer to the killings of three civil rights activists - James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner - in Mississippi in 1964 during the Civil Rights Movement. They were targeted for their involvement in registering African American voters and challenging segregation laws
• The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a significant civil rights protest that took place in Montgomery, Alabama from December 5, 1955 to December 20, 1956. The boycott was sparked by the arrest of African American woman Rosa Parks for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white passenger. This event led to the formation of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA), with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. as its president.
• The Civil War was a major conflict in the United States that took place from 1861 to 1865. It was fought between the Northern states, known as the Union, and the Southern states, known as the Confederacy, over issues including slavery and states' rights. The war resulted in significant loss of life and had a lasting impact on American society and politics. The Union ultimately emerged victorious, leading to the abolition of slavery with the passage of the 13th Amendment to the Constitution. (
• the un declaration of human rights was signed in 1948
• the un declaration of human rights is an international document that outlines basic human rights such as freedom of speech, religion, and movement.
• some of the shortcomings of the un declaration of human rights were that it was not legally binding and it was not a universal document
• some of the human rights include: freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of assembly, freedom of movement, freedom from torture, freedom from slavery, freedom from discrimination
• when slavery was still prominent in the us black ppl were considered as property and not humans with rights
• how were slaves brought to america?

  The they were catured or bought, then put in large slave boats/ships that were sent across the ocean to america
• what was life like for african americans? until 1860


  They were branded and sold as slaves. Families were often sold separately and then forced to do labour such as growing tobacco and picking cotton
• when was slavery outlawed in the northern parts of the states?

  1804
• The South heavily relied on slave labor to grow crops to provide resources for other parts of America. this kept their economy afloat.
• where did the jim crow laws originate from?

  Southern United States
• what are some examples of Jim Crow laws?

  Segregation, poll taxes, literacy tests, separate facilities.
• The jim crow laws were the southern states' way of maintaining segregation in the south
• the emancipation proclamation - 1863-1865
• brown V board of education decision- 1954
• The start of the civil war- 1861
• declaration of independence- 1776
• universal declaration of human rights- 1948
• Birmingham campaign- 1963
• Montgomery bus boycott- 1955- 1956